CAJ | 학술논문

孟子的正义战争理论的基础是仁，也就是以“仁权高于主权”为原则，来判断自卫与征伐战争的正当性。孟子不仅给出了判断战争正义性的具体条件和表征，而且他对仁与国家力量之间关系也有着现实性的理解。这些展示了理想主义儒家孟子的现实性一面。孟子的正义战争学说与“人权高于主权”的西方主流学说既有相通之处又有差别。孟子的“仁权高于主权”的观念，也许是在西方主导的国际关系理论和正义战争理论之外的一条新的、更好的出路。
맹자적정의전쟁이론적기출시인，야취시이“인권고우주권”위원칙，래판단자위여정벌전쟁적정당성。맹자불부급출료판단전쟁정의성적구체조건화표정，이차타대인여국가역량지간관계야유착현실성적리해。저사전시료이상주의유가맹자적현실성일면。맹자적정의전쟁학설여“인권고우주권”적서방주류학설기유상통지처우유차별。맹자적“인권고우주권”적관념，야허시재서방주도적국제관계이론화정의전쟁이론지외적일조신적、경호적출로。
The starting point of Mencius＇ s theory of a just war is humanity （ ren, also translated as benevolence）. According to it, whether a defensive or an aggressive war is just depends upon the principle that ＂humanity overrides sovereignty. ＂ Mencius specifies detailed conditions .and signs for a war to be considered just, and he explains his understanding of the relations between humane governance and the strength of a state. These ideas demonstrate the realistic side of Mencius, a Confucian who is commonly considered （overly？） idealistic. There are similarities and, more importantly, differences between Mencius＇ s theory of a just war and the Western main stream theory that advocates ＂human rights override sovereignty. ＂ It will be shown that Mencius＇ s idea of ＂humanity overrides sovereignty＂ offers a new and better alternative to mainstream Western theories of a just war and international relations.