CAJ | 학술논문

礼坏乐崩后以怎样的思想理念结束“百王之弊”的苦难，建立长治久安的社会秩序，这是汉武帝时期中国必须赖以理性运思解答的历史难题。汉武帝与董仲舒的“天人三策”，对这一关系到民族发展的历史难题作出了深入思考。汉武帝以“政统”诏书将儒学视为“大道之要，至论之极”，对如何结束一个王道不存的历史发出追问，显示出复兴王道历史的抱负。由此，王道历史观由儒家私门叙述上升为民族集体叙述。而董仲舒则以“上揆之天道，下质诸人情”、“迹之于古，考之于今”的精神规模，辨明了儒学与天地古今同在的正义性与法理性，又坚守忧念民生的儒学大义，力劝统治者以改善民生为政治要务。汉武帝与董仲舒分别作为政统与道统的领袖人物，翻卷起一次激发民族知性力的思想浪潮。
례배악붕후이즘양적사상이념결속“백왕지폐”적고난，건립장치구안적사회질서，저시한무제시기중국필수뢰이이성운사해답적역사난제。한무제여동중서적“천인삼책”，대저일관계도민족발전적역사난제작출료심입사고。한무제이“정통”조서장유학시위“대도지요，지론지겁”，대여하결속일개왕도불존적역사발출추문，현시출복흥왕도역사적포부。유차，왕도역사관유유가사문서술상승위민족집체서술。이동중서칙이“상규지천도，하질제인정”、“적지우고，고지우금”적정신규모，변명료유학여천지고금동재적정의성여법이성，우견수우념민생적유학대의，력권통치자이개선민생위정치요무。한무제여동중서분별작위정통여도통적령수인물，번권기일차격발민족지성력적사상랑조。
The historical difficulty China was faced with and had to solve with rational thinking during the reign of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty was with what thoughts and ideas to end up the sufferings caused by ＂the Malpractice of Hundreds of Kings＂ and to build a stabilized social order. In the Three Question-Answer Exchanges about Heaven and Humans, Emperor Wudi and Dong Zhongshu deeply thought over this difficult issue which was concerned with national development. Emperor Wudi took Confucianism as ＂the gist of the Great Way and the perfect ideas＂ in his imperial edict about political orthodox, made inquiries about how to end up the history in which there wasn＇ t any ideal of benevolent governance, and showed his ambition to revive the benevolent governance. From then on, the historical view of benevolent governance started to upgrade from a private narration of Confucianism to a collective narration of the whole nation. On his part, Dong Zhongshu expounded on the justice and legitimacy of Confucianism which had always existed in the macroscopic view of ＂exploring the Way up to Heaven and down to humans＂, and ＂tracing the Way back to ancient times and investigating it in the present day＂. He also adhered to the gist of Confucianism in caring for people＇ s livelihood, and urging the rulers to improve common people＇ s well-being and take it as their most important political task. Emperor Wudi as the leader of political orthodoxy and Dong Zhongshu as the leader of Confucian orthodoxy started a wave of thinking to arouse the national rationality.