心理科学
心理科學
심이과학
Psychological Science
2013年
1期
44~50
,共null页
触觉 时序知觉 手臂交叉效应 参考系 性别差异
觸覺 時序知覺 手臂交扠效應 參攷繫 性彆差異
촉각 시서지각 수비교차효응 삼고계 성별차이
tactile temporal order perception, crossed-hands effect, reference frame, gender differences
本研究探讨触觉时序知觉的手臂交叉效应是否存在性别差异。通过两个实验在较短和较长的SOA条件下考察男性和女性被试在基于体觉和基于外部空间的触觉时序判断任务中的表现。结果表明,男性与女性被试在基于体觉和基于外部空间的触觉时序判断任务中均存在手臂交叉效应,SOA较短时男性被试的手臂交叉效应显著小于女性被试,但在SOA较K的条件下手臂交叉效应没有明蛙的性别差异。触觉时序知觉手臂交叉效应的性别差异可能与空间知觉能力和生理解剖学因素有关。
本研究探討觸覺時序知覺的手臂交扠效應是否存在性彆差異。通過兩箇實驗在較短和較長的SOA條件下攷察男性和女性被試在基于體覺和基于外部空間的觸覺時序判斷任務中的錶現。結果錶明,男性與女性被試在基于體覺和基于外部空間的觸覺時序判斷任務中均存在手臂交扠效應,SOA較短時男性被試的手臂交扠效應顯著小于女性被試,但在SOA較K的條件下手臂交扠效應沒有明蛙的性彆差異。觸覺時序知覺手臂交扠效應的性彆差異可能與空間知覺能力和生理解剖學因素有關。
본연구탐토촉각시서지각적수비교차효응시부존재성별차이。통과량개실험재교단화교장적SOA조건하고찰남성화녀성피시재기우체각화기우외부공간적촉각시서판단임무중적표현。결과표명,남성여녀성피시재기우체각화기우외부공간적촉각시서판단임무중균존재수비교차효응,SOA교단시남성피시적수비교차효응현저소우녀성피시,단재SOA교K적조건하수비교차효응몰유명와적성별차이。촉각시서지각수비교차효응적성별차이가능여공간지각능력화생리해부학인소유관。
Temporal order perception is the successive perception of sensory events, which is influenced by many factors. Studies have shown that when the observers'hands were crossed over the midline, judgments about the temporal order of two successive tactile stimuli delivered to the left and right hands are less accurate as compared to when the hands were placed in an uncrossed posture. Different theories have been proposed to explain the effect, which focuses on the reference frame involved in the touch representation, but not organic variables. In view of the spatial specific of the crossed-hands effect, and spatial factor proved to be influential on male and female spatial performance, we were interested in the role of gender in crossed-hands effect. The temporal order judgment (TOJ) task is used to investigate whether sex influences the crossed-hands effect or not. Twenty-four healthy undergraduate students as paid volunteers participated in this experiment. Each subject participated in three experimental blocks. For one block of crossed-hand trials, subjects were instructed to respond based on which hand was stimulated first ( somatotopic instructions). And for another block of crossed-hand trials, subjects were instructed to respond based on which side of the body was stimulated first. And in the uncrossed-hand condition, subjects were instructed to respond based on which hand was stimulated first. The response ways that usually employed in prior studies are difficult to avoid confusion, which influenced spatial relation ( compatibility or incompatibility) between stimuli and response on the temporal order judgment. Therefore, subjects are required to make an oral report in this study. Crossed-hands effect is found in both males and females in tactile TOJ tasks based on somatotopic and spatiotopie frames of reference. This robust and reproducible crossed-hands effect has gender differences when intervals are shorter than 150 ms. Female participants produced larger tactile TOJ crossed-hands deficits compared to male participants, especially when stimuli on the left hand or left side (right hand) came first in tasks that stimuli were identified by different reference frames. According to the previous results that the temporal order judgment reversed when the SOA was shorter than 300 ms, temporal order accuracy in the crossed-hands tactile TOJ task significantly improved when the SOA was long enough. The finding reveals that gender differences disappear in the longer SOA condition. Marked gender differences found at moderately short intervals maybe have something to do with the differences of ability to space perception and physiologicanatomy between males and females.