CAJ | 학술논문

中国城市内部的居住——就业之间的空间关系正发生着巨大的变化。北京市居民总体通勤时间较长,职住分离现象显著。居民的就业特征对职住关系具有重要影响,不同职业类型和职位就业者在通勤距离及通勤时间方面都存在显著差异性,从事工业企业的就业者通勤距离和通勤时间均最大,而从事商业餐饮类的就业者的平均通勤距离和平均通勤时间均最小;同时,单位性质对就业者的通勤距离的影响存在显著差异,而对通勤时间的影响却不显著。其中外资独资企业就业者的通勤距离和通勤时间最长,而私人企业就业者的通勤距离和通勤时间最短。不同就业特征人群的通勤满意度不同,对职住分离主观评价差异显著。商业餐饮和公务员这两类就业者对通勤时间的满意度较高,金融保险房地产和演艺界的就业者的通勤满意度较低。
중국성시내부적거주——취업지간적공간관계정발생착거대적변화。북경시거민총체통근시간교장,직주분리현상현저。거민적취업특정대직주관계구유중요영향,불동직업류형화직위취업자재통근거리급통근시간방면도존재현저차이성,종사공업기업적취업자통근거리화통근시간균최대,이종사상업찬음류적취업자적평균통근거리화평균통근시간균최소;동시,단위성질대취업자적통근거리적영향존재현저차이,이대통근시간적영향각불현저。기중외자독자기업취업자적통근거리화통근시간최장,이사인기업취업자적통근거리화통근시간최단。불동취업특정인군적통근만의도불동,대직주분리주관평개차이현저。상업찬음화공무원저량류취업자대통근시간적만의도교고,금융보험방지산화연예계적취업자적통근만의도교저。
The relationship between the employment and living space is undergoing tremendous change now in the city.This paper analyzes the relationship between the employers＇ characteristics and home-work separation based on a large number of on-site questionnaire survey.The indicators of commute ways,commuting distance,commuting time and commuting satisfaction are used in this study.The results showed that Beijing residents spend about 43 minutes on the one-way to their working places.This means that home-work separation is serious in Beijing.The employer＇s characteristics have an important impact on the relationship between the employment and living space in the city.Those people with different careers and different positions have different commuting distance and commuting time too.People work in industrial enterprises have longer commuting distance and commuting time.Those work in commercial catering have shorter average commuting distance and the minimum commute time.At the same time,the company property has the significant impact on the commuting distance,but does not influence the commuting time obviously.People worked in foreign-owned enterprise have the longest commuting distance and commuting time,those work in private enterprise employment have shortest commuting distance and commuting time.The commuting satisfaction is not the same with the different employment characteristics.People work in the commercial catering enterprise and government departments have higher satisfaction.Those work in financial insurance enterprise;the real estate company and the performing arts sectors have lower commuting satisfaction.