CAJ | 학술논문

1998-2010年，我国稻谷、小麦、玉米的种植成本呈波浪型上升态势，粮农净收益的上升空间受到严重挤压。文章利用稻谷、小麦、玉米及三粮整体在1998-2010年的可比成本收益数据，测算粮农净收益对各种成本要素的敏感度系数，评价各种成本因素对粮农净收益的影响。结论是：从敏感度上看，人工成本〉物质与服务费用〉土地成本，家庭用工折价〉雇工费用，自营地折租〉流转地租金。由此得出，土地成本的变化对粮农净收益的作用较小，物质与服务费用是引起种粮净收益变化的主要因素，其中种子费、化肥费、租赁作业费、农药费起到关键作用，人工成本中家庭用工的变化对种粮净收益影响较大。
1998-2010년，아국도곡、소맥、옥미적충식성본정파랑형상승태세，량농정수익적상승공간수도엄중제압。문장이용도곡、소맥、옥미급삼량정체재1998-2010년적가비성본수익수거，측산량농정수익대각충성본요소적민감도계수，평개각충성본인소대량농정수익적영향。결론시：종민감도상간，인공성본〉물질여복무비용〉토지성본，가정용공절개〉고공비용，자영지절조〉류전지조금。유차득출，토지성본적변화대량농정수익적작용교소，물질여복무비용시인기충량정수익변화적주요인소，기중충자비、화비비、조임작업비、농약비기도관건작용，인공성본중가정용공적변화대충량정수익영향교대。
The cost of China＇ s rice, wheat, corn showed wave upward trend from 1998 to 2010, but the net income of grain farmers was less obvious. This paper, using comparable cost-benefit data of rice, wheat, corn and grain, estimates the sensitivity coefficient of net-income to various cost elements ; evaluates the impact of various cost factors on net-income of the grain farmers. The results show that, the order of sensitivity scale is ： labor costs 〉 material and service costs 〉 land costs ; domestic employment discount 〉 the employee costs ; demesne discount rent 〉 flow ground rent. It flows that, the change of land cost such as three grains, fertilizer costs, lease operating costs, pesticide costs, has a smaller effect on the net-income of grain farmers. However, material and service costs are the main factors to bring down the net-income of grain farmers, among which seed costs, fertilizer costs, lease operating costs, pesticide costs play a key role and the impact of labor cost is the largest.