CAJ | 학술논문

通过营造良好宏观环境来促进本地企业发展是我国各级政府追求的目标，但宏观环境通过什么途径影响企业发展却少有探讨。最近发展起来的“新”新经济地理将影响途径归结为产业集聚、人才归类和市场选择三大效应。本文运用中国286个城市120余万家企业的微观数据检验了上述结论。发现：①上述三大效应能够显著提高企业生产效率；②传统的新经济地理过高估计了产业集聚的作用：③城市行政级别、社会管理人员比重过高会强烈降低企业效率；④与郊区企业相比，城市市区的企业效率受上述效应的影响更加显著。因而中国企业的集约式增长有赖于城市化运动、减少政府行政干预和市场充分竞争。
통과영조량호굉관배경래촉진본지기업발전시아국각급정부추구적목표，단굉관배경통과십요도경영향기업발전각소유탐토。최근발전기래적“신”신경제지리장영향도경귀결위산업집취、인재귀류화시장선택삼대효응。본문운용중국286개성시120여만가기업적미관수거검험료상술결론。발현：①상술삼대효응능구현저제고기업생산효솔；②전통적신경제지리과고고계료산업집취적작용：③성시행정급별、사회관리인원비중과고회강렬강저기업효솔；④여교구기업상비，성시시구적기업효솔수상술효응적영향경가현저。인이중국기업적집약식증장유뢰우성시화운동、감소정부행정간예화시장충분경쟁。
Through creating a favorable macro environment to promote the development of local companies is the goal of government at all levels. However, the specific channels of macro environment affecting companies＇ development were seldom explored. In the viewpoint of New New Economic Geography, the productivity of companies is affected by the environment through agglomeration, sorting and selection effect. Using the data of 1.2 million companies＇ in 286 cities of China, we found： ① the above effects can significantly improve the productivity of firms; ② the role of agglomeration was overestimated in New Economic Geography; ③ the administrative level of a city and proportion of officers will strongly reduce productivity; ④ companies in urban were more significantly area affected by these factors. Therefore, the intensive growth of Chinese companies depends on the urbanization, education, less administration and full competition.