CAJ | 학술논문

从1715年向中国派出首届传教团，俄国政府即开始了对这个特殊驻华机构长达两个多世纪的经营。18世纪圣务院和外务院的指令以规范传教团成员行为和责成其学习满汉语及搜集情报为主旨。从第十届起传教团的活动主要以外交部1818年指令为依据，重心转向中国研究和情报搜集。1861年俄国驻华公使馆设立后，传教团专由圣务院领导，传教布道成为其主要使命。1902年外交部和圣务院等部门决定将第十八届传教团领班晋升为主教，意在满足中国东北地区俄国侨民的宗教需求，同时不放弃北京这个东正教据点。事实表明，占领中国领土和攫取贸易利益始终是俄国政府制定传教团政策的根本出发点．其在中国的宗教存在不过是实现核心利益的手段而已。
종1715년향중국파출수계전교단，아국정부즉개시료대저개특수주화궤구장체량개다세기적경영。18세기골무원화외무원적지령이규범전교단성원행위화책성기학습만한어급수집정보위주지。종제십계기전교단적활동주요이외교부1818년지령위의거，중심전향중국연구화정보수집。1861년아국주화공사관설립후，전교단전유골무원령도，전교포도성위기주요사명。1902년외교부화골무원등부문결정장제십팔계전교단령반진승위주교，의재만족중국동북지구아국교민적종교수구，동시불방기북경저개동정교거점。사실표명，점령중국령토화확취무역이익시종시아국정부제정전교단정책적근본출발점．기재중국적종교존재불과시실현핵심이익적수단이이。
Since the first group of Russian Orthodox Mission was sent to China in 1715, Russian government had been administrating the special agency in China for more than two centuries. The Synod ordered the members of the Mission to learn Chinese and Manchu languages to collect information in China in the 18th century. Then, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs ordered the Mission to collect and research information in China by the Instruction of 1818 from the tenth Group. After foundation of the Russian Legation in China in 1861, the Russian government ordered the Synod to take charge of the Mission so missionary works being as its major task. In 1902, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Holy State Council promoted the head of the 18th Mission as a bishop to meet the religious needs of the Russian emigrants in the Northeast Chin and to retain such an Orthodox fortress in Beijing as well. It had been proved that to occupy China＇sterritory, and to reap the benefits more from Russia - China trade had always been the fundamental starting point for the Russian government to develop a policy of Mission so the presence of religion in China was nothing but the means to achieve such core interests.