学术月刊
學術月刊
학술월간
Academic Monthly
2013年
2期
147~154
,共null页
两宋之际 学派 学术 变局
兩宋之際 學派 學術 變跼
량송지제 학파 학술 변국
late Northern Song to Early Southern Song, schools of learning, academy, transition
两宋之际，也就是自哲宗朝后期至高宗朝这一时期，随着政局的不断变化，各学派势力也此消彼长。宋徽宗崇宁年间，新学影响力臻于巅峰，但其地位上升得力于宋哲宗亲政后一系列举措的惯性驱动。而宋徽宗令道教进入官学之后，客观上削弱了新学的地位。靖康年间由杨时挑起的学术争端，首次将新学与北宋亡国相联系，摇撼了新学的道德根基。当时士大夫的意见分为两派：一派极力反对杨时的说法，力主王氏之学，也不截然排斥元祜之学；另一派则认同杨时，痛斥王氏学，推崇元祜之学。这一争论与外敌入侵的大趋势有关，更是对崇宁以来学术禁锢的一次强烈反弹。南宋初高宗选择“元秸之学”作为国家意识形态，士大夫对新学学理的批判深入展开。但由于秦桧偏向新学，高宗不得不作出某种妥协。由此理学的复兴也经历了曲折的过程。
兩宋之際，也就是自哲宗朝後期至高宗朝這一時期，隨著政跼的不斷變化，各學派勢力也此消彼長。宋徽宗崇寧年間，新學影響力臻于巔峰，但其地位上升得力于宋哲宗親政後一繫列舉措的慣性驅動。而宋徽宗令道教進入官學之後，客觀上削弱瞭新學的地位。靖康年間由楊時挑起的學術爭耑，首次將新學與北宋亡國相聯繫，搖撼瞭新學的道德根基。噹時士大伕的意見分為兩派：一派極力反對楊時的說法，力主王氏之學，也不截然排斥元祜之學；另一派則認同楊時，痛斥王氏學，推崇元祜之學。這一爭論與外敵入侵的大趨勢有關，更是對崇寧以來學術禁錮的一次彊烈反彈。南宋初高宗選擇“元秸之學”作為國傢意識形態，士大伕對新學學理的批判深入展開。但由于秦檜偏嚮新學，高宗不得不作齣某種妥協。由此理學的複興也經歷瞭麯摺的過程。
량송지제，야취시자철종조후기지고종조저일시기，수착정국적불단변화，각학파세력야차소피장。송휘종숭저년간，신학영향력진우전봉，단기지위상승득력우송철종친정후일계열거조적관성구동。이송휘종령도교진입관학지후，객관상삭약료신학적지위。정강년간유양시도기적학술쟁단，수차장신학여북송망국상련계，요감료신학적도덕근기。당시사대부적의견분위량파：일파겁력반대양시적설법，력주왕씨지학，야불절연배척원호지학；령일파칙인동양시，통척왕씨학，추숭원호지학。저일쟁론여외활입침적대추세유관，경시대숭저이래학술금고적일차강렬반탄。남송초고종선택“원갈지학”작위국가의식형태，사대부대신학학리적비판심입전개。단유우진회편향신학，고종불득불작출모충타협。유차이학적복흥야경력료곡절적과정。
From late Northern Song to early Southern Song, there was a wax and wane of schools of learning with the changes of political situation. Although the school of New Learning culminated under the regime of Emperor Huizong, it was actually weakened after the Daoism classics had been allowed to enter the official education and examination system. In Qinzong＇s period, a serious conflict triggered by Yang Shi＇s criticism on New Learning divided the literati into two groups based on their opposite attitudes towards New Learning and Yuanyou＇s Learning. Emperor Gaozong had to choose Yuanyou＇ s Learning as the country＇s official ideology though he sometimes made compromises because of Oin Hui＇s approval for New Learning.
