CAJ | 학술논문

通过与传统生化选材方法进行对比,探索代谢组学这一新兴的系统生物学方法用于运动选材的可行性与优越性。将雄性SD大鼠24只,在幼年时（4周龄）即收集其尿样和血样,尿样用于核磁共振（NMR）代谢组学分析,血样用于测试血红蛋白（Hb）和血清睾酮（ST）;然后开始渐增负荷游泳训练直至成年（14周龄）,训练结束后进行负重耐力游泳能力测试,记录每只大鼠游泳至力竭的时间,并根据力竭时间长短进行排名,分为前3名组与4~24名组、前12名组与后12名组共4组;测试完成后,休息2 d,断头处死,取右后肢腓肠肌测试琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）。结果显示：无论是前3名组与4~24名组之间,还是前12名组与后12名组之间,Hb、ST、SDH和LDH指标均较为接近,并且相互交错,组间没有显著性差异;而大鼠的代谢特征图谱有明显的差异,不同组样本被明确地分开了,而同组的样本则出现了聚集。结果表明：大鼠幼年时的代谢特征图谱能一定程度反映它们成年后游泳能力的差异,相对于利用一个或者少数几个指标进行运动选材的传统生化方法,代谢组学这一系统生物学方法具独特的优势。
통과여전통생화선재방법진행대비,탐색대사조학저일신흥적계통생물학방법용우운동선재적가행성여우월성。장웅성SD대서24지,재유년시（4주령）즉수집기뇨양화혈양,뇨양용우핵자공진（NMR）대사조학분석,혈양용우측시혈홍단백（Hb）화혈청고동（ST）;연후개시점증부하유영훈련직지성년（14주령）,훈련결속후진행부중내력유영능력측시,기록매지대서유영지력갈적시간,병근거력갈시간장단진행배명,분위전3명조여4~24명조、전12명조여후12명조공4조;측시완성후,휴식2 d,단두처사,취우후지비장기측시호박산탈경매（SDH）화유산탈경매（LDH）。결과현시：무론시전3명조여4~24명조지간,환시전12명조여후12명조지간,Hb、ST、SDH화LDH지표균교위접근,병차상호교착,조간몰유현저성차이;이대서적대사특정도보유명현적차이,불동조양본피명학지분개료,이동조적양본칙출현료취집。결과표명：대서유년시적대사특정도보능일정정도반영타문성년후유영능력적차이,상대우이용일개혹자소수궤개지표진행운동선재적전통생화방법,대사조학저일계통생물학방법구독특적우세。
By comparing with traditional biochemical method used for athletic talent identification,the authors probed into the feasibility and advantages to apply such an emerging systems biological method as metabolomics in athletic talent identification.The authors selected 24 male SD rats,took their urine and blood samples when they were young（4-week old）,used the urine samples for nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR） metabolomical analysis and the blood samples for testing hemoglobin（Hb） and serum testosterone（ST）,then started gradually increasing swimming training loads until they became adults（14-week old）,ran a loaded endurance swimming capacity test after training was finished,recorded the time taken by each rat to swim to an exhausted condition,ranked them based on the time of exhaustion,divided them into a top 3 group,a 4th-24th group,a top 12 group and a last 12 group,let them rest for 2 days after testing was completed,then decapitated them,took their right rear limb gastrocnemius muscles for testing succinic dehydrogenase（SDH） and lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）,and revealed the following findings： No matter between the rats in the top 3 group and the 4th-24th group,or between the rats in the top 12 group and the last 12 group,their Hb,ST,SDH and LDH indexes were close,changing alternatively,showing no significant difference between the groups;yet the metabolic characteristic maps of the rats were significantly different,samples of the rats in different groups were clearly separated,while samples of the rats in the same group showed a sign of gathering.The findings indicated the followings： the metabolic characteristic maps of the rats measured when they were young can reflect the differences in their swimming capacities when they became adults;comparing with traditional biochemical method for athletic talent identification by utilizing one or several indexes,such a systems biological method as metabolomics has its unique advantages.