CAJ | 학술논문

20世纪50年代初期,美国开始将心理战作为遏制所谓共产主义扩张的战略之一。在东西方对抗的背景下,西欧由于在地缘、意识形态、政治、经济和安全利益等方面与美国的密切关系,被美国杜鲁门和艾森豪威尔两届政府视为核心利益地带。但是,战后西欧经济的崩溃以及共产党力量的迅猛发展使得共产党在西欧上台执政的可能性大增。为了确立和维护西欧各国政府的亲美反共倾向,扶持西德,巩固大西洋联盟,最终将西欧纳入以美国为首的西方阵营,杜鲁门政府和艾森豪威尔政府先后制订了一系列针对西欧的心理战略计划。通过实施这些计划,美国成功地削弱了西欧的共产党力量,消除了西欧民众的反美情况,实现了稳定西欧、巩固西方阵营、维护美国战略利益的战略目标,从此西欧在国际重大事务上紧紧追随美国。
20세기50년대초기,미국개시장심리전작위알제소위공산주의확장적전략지일。재동서방대항적배경하,서구유우재지연、의식형태、정치、경제화안전이익등방면여미국적밀절관계,피미국두로문화애삼호위이량계정부시위핵심이익지대。단시,전후서구경제적붕궤이급공산당역량적신맹발전사득공산당재서구상태집정적가능성대증。위료학립화유호서구각국정부적친미반공경향,부지서덕,공고대서양련맹,최종장서구납입이미국위수적서방진영,두로문정부화애삼호위이정부선후제정료일계렬침대서구적심리전략계화。통과실시저사계화,미국성공지삭약료서구적공산당역량,소제료서구민음적반미정황,실현료은정서구、공고서방진영、유호미국전략이익적전략목표,종차서구재국제중대사무상긴긴추수미국。
In the early 1950’s,the U.S.government commenced to apply the psychological warfare as one of the strategies to contain the so-called communist expansion.Against the background of the Cold War,the Western Europe,because of its important political,economic,ideological and strategic role to the U.S.,both the Truman Administration and the Eisenhower Administration considered it as the most made significant area for its global strategy.However,the collapsing and the rapid development of the communist power made it possible for the communist to win the election and take office.In order to cultivate the Western Europeans pro-American and the anti-communist inclination as well as to support the West Germany and strengthen the unity of the NATO,the Truman Administration and the Eisenhower Administration formulated a series of psychological strategic plans toward Western Europe.Through the implementation of these plans,the U.S.government succeeded in weakening the communist power in the Western Europe,reducing the anti-Americanism,realizing the goals of stabilizing the Western Europe,consolidating the Western camp and maintaining the U.S.strategic benefit.And from the on,the Western European countries became the U.S.followers in the international affairs.