CAJ | 학술논문

近些年学者对国内外远程开放教育发展史已有论述,但却较少涉及港澳台地区。港澳台地区的远程开放教育有其独特的发展路径,研究其远程开放教育发展始末具有重要的历史价值。英国首创开放大学后,引起世界各国和地区的普遍关注并产生巨大影响。1979年澳门东亚大学筹备期间提出远程开放大学思路,又在1980年代初引进英国开放大学的办学模式,成立了公开学院,英国开放大学高级职员康纳德·斯威夫特教授出任首任院长。1987年澳门政府通过澳门基金会收购东亚大学,转制为公立大学,1991年更名为澳门大学。1992年,经澳门政府批准,未被收购的东亚公开学院与葡萄牙公开大学联合组成亚洲（澳门）国际公开大学,2011年更名为澳门城市大学。澳门东亚大学远程开放教育的办学特点主要有：一是办学起步早。该院是港澳台地区远程开放教育的先行者;从严格意义上说,该院是中国远程开放教育的探路者。二是办学起点高。虽然该院的远程高等教育早期只是初级形式的远程开放教育,东亚大学办学伊始就具有国际化的定位和特征,其课程得到国外大学的认可。三是直接采用英国开放大学办学模式,该院创办之初得到英国开放大学的管理经验、师资力量和课程资源支持。
근사년학자대국내외원정개방교육발전사이유논술,단각교소섭급항오태지구。항오태지구적원정개방교육유기독특적발전로경,연구기원정개방교육발전시말구유중요적역사개치。영국수창개방대학후,인기세계각국화지구적보편관주병산생거대영향。1979년오문동아대학주비기간제출원정개방대학사로,우재1980년대초인진영국개방대학적판학모식,성립료공개학원,영국개방대학고급직원강납덕·사위부특교수출임수임원장。1987년오문정부통과오문기금회수구동아대학,전제위공립대학,1991년경명위오문대학。1992년,경오문정부비준,미피수구적동아공개학원여포도아공개대학연합조성아주（오문）국제공개대학,2011년경명위오문성시대학。오문동아대학원정개방교육적판학특점주요유：일시판학기보조。해원시항오태지구원정개방교육적선행자;종엄격의의상설,해원시중국원정개방교육적탐로자。이시판학기점고。수연해원적원정고등교육조기지시초급형식적원정개방교육,동아대학판학이시취구유국제화적정위화특정,기과정득도국외대학적인가。삼시직접채용영국개방대학판학모식,해원창판지초득도영국개방대학적관리경험、사자역량화과정자원지지。
In recent years,scholars have been studying the historical development of Open and Distance Education both in China and abroad,but they have rarely discussed its development in Hong Kong,Macau and Taiwan,where Open and Distance Education saw a unique course of development.It is of great historical value to study the whole story of Open and Distance Education in those regions.The foundation of the first Open University in UK caused widespread concern and had a huge impact on the world.During the preparations of the University of East Asia（Macau） in 1979,the idea of making it an Open University was proposed.In 1980,the British mode of Open University was introduced to the University of East Asia,and an Open College was established in it,with Professor Donald Swift,a senior officer of the British Open University,the first president.The Macau government bought the University of East Asia through Macau Foundation in 1987,transforming it into a public university.In 1991,the UEA was renamed the University of Macau.A new university,the Asia International Open University（Macau）,was formed in 1992 as a result of the collaboration between the East Asia Open Institute（Macau） and the Portuguese National Open University,with the approval of the Macau Government.The Asia International Open University（Macau） was renamed City University of Macau in 2011.The characteristics of the Open College of City University of Macau are as follows：Firstly,the college started early.The Open College is the pioneer of open and distance education in Hong Kong,Macau and Taiwan regions,as well as the pathfinder for China＇s Open and Distance Education.Secondly,it has a high starting point.Although in its early stage,the distance higher education of the Open College was only in a primitive form,the University embodied international orientation and characteristics in it from the beginning.Its curriculum has been approved by foreign universities.Thirdly,the Open College applies the running mode of the British Open University.It was supported by the British Open University in management experience,faculty and curriculum resources at the beginning.