CAJ | 학술논문

先秦时期的庄子、荀子等人都有关于＂小说＂或＂小家珍说＂的论述,这些言论所针对的虽还不是文体意义上的小说,但却是后世小说观念的源头,故梳理它们的所指及其所暗含的态度是非常必要的。在相关的论述中,我们可以看到,庄子所谓的小说是指与大道相同的小道,所指向的是道家之外的其他家学说,也就是认为包括儒家在内的其他各家学说均是小说;而子夏、荀子等儒家诸子则认为除儒家学说之外的其他派别都是＂小道＂、＂小家珍说＂、＂邪说＂或＂异说＂。可见,先秦诸子在论及小说时都指向的是自己所信奉的学说之外的其他各家学说。故先秦时期所谓的小说,是在百家争鸣的学术氛围中所形成的,是各家互相批判和攻击时所用的、带有鄙夷色彩的一种说法。
선진시기적장자、순자등인도유관우＂소설＂혹＂소가진설＂적논술,저사언론소침대적수환불시문체의의상적소설,단각시후세소설관념적원두,고소리타문적소지급기소암함적태도시비상필요적。재상관적논술중,아문가이간도,장자소위적소설시지여대도상동적소도,소지향적시도가지외적기타가학설,야취시인위포괄유가재내적기타각가학설균시소설;이자하、순자등유가제자칙인위제유가학설지외적기타파별도시＂소도＂、＂소가진설＂、＂사설＂혹＂이설＂。가견,선진제자재론급소설시도지향적시자기소신봉적학설지외적기타각가학설。고선진시기소위적소설,시재백가쟁명적학술분위중소형성적,시각가호상비판화공격시소용적、대유비이색채적일충설법。
In the Pre-Qin period,philosophers,such as Chuang-tzu、 Zi Xia、 Xun Zi,talked about ＂XiaoShuo＂、＂XiaoDao＂ or ＂XiaoJia ZhenShuo＂.These remarks were the source of the later novel idea.So it is important to study on the remarks and try to understand the implied attitude behind them.Chuang-tzu thought that ＂XiaoShuo＂ were the ideas which were different from Taoism beliefs.But Zi Xia and Xun Zi thought that Taoism 、 Legalists and the other theories were ＂XiaoShuo＂ or ＂XiaoJia ZhenShuo＂.We can conclude from these words that these philosophers all regarded ＂XiaoShuo＂ as theories which were different from their own.And the concept of ＂XiaoShuo＂,which was formed in the Pre-Qin academic atmosphere,was the statement to attack others and had the attitude of disdain.