CAJ | 학술논문

立足丘陵山区农村道路结构功能与布局特点，以重庆市忠县拔山镇为例，研究地貌形态差异显著的地理空间单元农村道路体系空间格局特征及其在海拔高度、坡度、坡向、地形起伏度、地表切割深度、平面变率和剖面变率7个地貌形态要素上的梯度分异效应。结果表明：地势越平坦的地理空间单元农村道路体系结构越均衡、网络效率越高，且区位优势越突出的单元，农村道路网络越发迭；农村道路通达弹性大但不同类型道路地形梯度效应既具有差异性又存在一定的关联性。农村道路体系中，生产路所占比例高于机耕道和农村公路，其对地形梯度变化的适宜性相对较强；各地形梯度上生产路、机耕道和农村公路互为补充，具有结构和功能的完整性及其组合效应的叠加性。因此，农村道路体系以一定的结构和功能融于农业自然人文景观，多顺应区域局地微地貌形态而建，在一定程度上，其空间格局受微地貌形态“引导与阻隔效应”甚为显著。
립족구릉산구농촌도로결구공능여포국특점，이중경시충현발산진위례，연구지모형태차이현저적지리공간단원농촌도로체계공간격국특정급기재해발고도、파도、파향、지형기복도、지표절할심도、평면변솔화부면변솔7개지모형태요소상적제도분이효응。결과표명：지세월평탄적지리공간단원농촌도로체계결구월균형、망락효솔월고，차구위우세월돌출적단원，농촌도로망락월발질；농촌도로통체탄성대단불동류형도로지형제도효응기구유차이성우존재일정적관련성。농촌도로체계중，생산로소점비례고우궤경도화농촌공로，기대지형제도변화적괄의성상대교강；각지형제도상생산로、궤경도화농촌공로호위보충，구유결구화공능적완정성급기조합효응적첩가성。인차，농촌도로체계이일정적결구화공능융우농업자연인문경관，다순응구역국지미지모형태이건，재일정정도상，기공간격국수미지모형태“인도여조격효응”심위현저。
The spatial pattern of rural roads system in hilly area was studied based on the case of Zhongxian County, Chongqing. The effects of geomorphologic factors including altitude, slope, aspect, hypsography, surface cutting depth, slope of slope, and slope of aspect on the pattern were further analyzed. The results showed that：there was significant difference in road quantity distribution, grid characteristics, composition of the different level of rural road in North-West, North-East and South-East in the study area. The composition was rather averaged in the flat area; and in the North-West part with provincial road, the tractor and production road was more developed than those in North-East and South-East. There was also both significant difference and correlations in the gradient of the road composition, quantity and dominant terrain position of rural roads system. Wholly, the quantity of pro- duction road was more than tractor road and provincial road, and the production road was more compatible with the terrain while tractor road and provincial road were more sensitive to the gradient of geomorphologic factors. What＇ s more, the rural roads system consisted of provincial road, tractor road and production road could go through com- plex and diverse landform unites freely. According to their function and spatial sequence, they formed a hierarchi- cal road system to supplement each other. In conclusion, embedded in the complex and diverse landforms and land- scapes with certain spatial order and grid structure, rural roads system in the hilly area of Southwestern China forms linear scenery of the natural system. Not only should it consider the spatial distribution of rural settlements and irri- gation facilities, and the size and shape of cultivated land, but also be harmonized with the agricultural natural and human landscape.