CAJ | 학술논문

基于移民、牧民访谈和问卷调查，对青海三江源泽库县生态移民的生活情况进行调查，分析移民对草地资源依赖性变化。以了解生态移民政策的成效与不足。并探讨现有政策中存在的相关问题，对三江源生态补偿政策和制度的制定完善提供参考和研究基础。研究结果显示：生态移民家庭经济收入有所提高。畜牧业收入占家庭总收入比例下降，生态补偿、务工、经商对于家庭收入的作用已明显显现。移民家庭从事畜牧业降为20．1％。务工家庭增加到37％，30．5％的移民参加过技能培训，但能源使用经济负担有所增加。53．90%的牧民愿意移民，但对移民后就业及生活设施建设仍有较大顾虑。总体而言，生态移民生活整体情况有所改观。移民后草地资源不再是家庭主要收入的基础。政府应完善技能培训体系。加快后续产业培育，重视生态移民工程前期规划。加大生态补偿资金支持力度。
기우이민、목민방담화문권조사，대청해삼강원택고현생태이민적생활정황진행조사，분석이민대초지자원의뢰성변화。이료해생태이민정책적성효여불족。병탐토현유정책중존재적상관문제，대삼강원생태보상정책화제도적제정완선제공삼고화연구기출。연구결과현시：생태이민가정경제수입유소제고。축목업수입점가정총수입비례하강，생태보상、무공、경상대우가정수입적작용이명현현현。이민가정종사축목업강위20．1％。무공가정증가도37％，30．5％적이민삼가과기능배훈，단능원사용경제부담유소증가。53．90%적목민원의이민，단대이민후취업급생활설시건설잉유교대고필。총체이언，생태이민생활정체정황유소개관。이민후초지자원불재시가정주요수입적기출。정부응완선기능배훈체계。가쾌후속산업배육，중시생태이민공정전기규화。가대생태보상자금지지력도。
Based on questionnaire and ecological migrants and herdsmen interview survey, current life situations about eco-immigrant were investigated, and eco-immigrants＇ dependences on grasslands was analyzed in Zeku County, Qinghai Province. In this study we discussed achievements and deficiency in the process of policy implementation, approached the problems existed in current policies, and provided references and basics of research for eco-immigration policy formulation and improvement in source areas of three rivers. The results showed that： 1 ） household income of eco-immigrants increased, while the ratio of animal husbandry income decreased. Incomes from ecological compensation, work or business accounted for more of total household income. 2） The ratio of eco-immigration family with animal husbandry decreased to 20.1%, and families with steady jobs or part-time jobs increased to 37%, and 30.5% of eco-immigrants were trained, while family consumption of energy utilization increased. 3 ） Only 53.90% of herdsmen were willing to migrate, while they worried about employment opportunities and construction of living facilities after ecological migration. On the whole, currently ecological migrants＇ living standard had been improved to some extent, and the grasslands were no longer the main source of family income. The government should improve the professional skill training system, and accelerate the cultivation follow-up industries, pay more attention to plan and design of eeo-immigration project, and strengthen financial support for ecological compensation.