CAJ | 학술논문

通过对碳排放权交易的理论和各国实践的调研和分析。本文从法律基础、基本框架设计、相关机构安排和调控政策四个方面分析了建立碳排放权交易体系（Emissions Trading Scheme，ETS）的15个基本要素．分别是法律基础，体系的排放上限目标，体系的覆盖范围，配额的初始分配，覆盖对象的排放量监测、报告与核查，遵约机制，遵约期和交易期的确定。登记注册系统，市场监管，金融机构的参与，排放交易平台，价格调控机制。排放交易的税费，配额的存储，连接与抵消机制。本文依次介绍了各要素的内涵，并对国外实践中的相关考虑和做法进行了简单分析；根据我国具体情况。针对各个要素提出了我国ETS设计中的一些初步建议。法律制度建设应与ETs机制设计同步进行。相互促进。基本框架设计要充分考虑我国发展速度较快，区域、行业发展不均衡，以及部分行业受到严格管制等情况。相关机构安排要从现有管理体系出发，考虑市场需求，明确功能定位。调控政策应根据政策目标进行设计，避免过度增加体系的复杂性。
통과대탄배방권교역적이론화각국실천적조연화분석。본문종법률기출、기본광가설계、상관궤구안배화조공정책사개방면분석료건립탄배방권교역체계（Emissions Trading Scheme，ETS）적15개기본요소．분별시법률기출，체계적배방상한목표，체계적복개범위，배액적초시분배，복개대상적배방량감측、보고여핵사，준약궤제，준약기화교역기적학정。등기주책계통，시장감관，금융궤구적삼여，배방교역평태，개격조공궤제。배방교역적세비，배액적존저，련접여저소궤제。본문의차개소료각요소적내함，병대국외실천중적상관고필화주법진행료간단분석；근거아국구체정황。침대각개요소제출료아국ETS설계중적일사초보건의。법률제도건설응여ETs궤제설계동보진행。상호촉진。기본광가설계요충분고필아국발전속도교쾌，구역、행업발전불균형，이급부분행업수도엄격관제등정황。상관궤구안배요종현유관리체계출발，고필시장수구，명학공능정위。조공정책응근거정책목표진행설계，피면과도증가체계적복잡성。
Based on the review of emissions trading theory and the practices, 15 basic elements are identified for an emissions trading scheme （ETS） , including legal basis, emissions cap, coverage and scope, allowance allocation, emissions monitoring, reporting and verification （MRV）, compliance mechanism, compliance period and trading phase, registry, market supervision, participation of financial institutions, trading platform, market intervention mechanism, taxes and fees, banking, linking, and offset mechanism. These elements are divided into 4 categories： legal basis, basic framework design, institutional arrangement as well as adjustment policies and measures. The meanings of these elements are explained, and relevant practices and underlying considerations in the major existing schemes are briefly analyzed. Some initial suggestions have been put forward on ETS in China, based on China＇s special circumstances. Legal system should be developed in coordination and parallel with the design of ETS and they should be mutually supportive. Design of the basic framework should give full consideration of issues such as rapid development of China＇ s economy, regional and sectoral imbalances, strict control on relevant sectors, etc. Regarding institutional arrangement, attention should be given to exiting administrative system, market demand and clear responsibility division. Adjustment policies and measures should be developed on the basis of policy needs, without over complicating the system.