国际商务研究
國際商務研究
국제상무연구
International Business Research
2013年
2期
55~65
,共null页
世界贸易组织 贸易争端 对等 非歧视性原则
世界貿易組織 貿易爭耑 對等 非歧視性原則
세계무역조직 무역쟁단 대등 비기시성원칙
World Trade Organization; trading dispute; equivalence; principle of non-discrimination
“美国—影响中国家禽产品进口的某些措施”案是中美贸易争端中首起直接涉及WTO《卫生与植物检疫措施协定》（《SPS协定》）的争端。此争端源于美国国会依据《2009年综合拨款法案》第727条禁止美国农业部制定从中国进口家禽产品的规则。本争端涉及3个核心问题：一是SPS措施的认定问题；二是专家组的管辖权（职能范围）问题；三是SPS措施的对等承认问题。但归根结底第727条违反了WTO非歧视性原则。该争端说明，推进我国与其他国家（包括美国）检验检疫机制的对等互认是我国稳定和扩大外贸出口的重要手段。
“美國—影響中國傢禽產品進口的某些措施”案是中美貿易爭耑中首起直接涉及WTO《衛生與植物檢疫措施協定》（《SPS協定》）的爭耑。此爭耑源于美國國會依據《2009年綜閤撥款法案》第727條禁止美國農業部製定從中國進口傢禽產品的規則。本爭耑涉及3箇覈心問題：一是SPS措施的認定問題；二是專傢組的管轄權（職能範圍）問題；三是SPS措施的對等承認問題。但歸根結底第727條違反瞭WTO非歧視性原則。該爭耑說明，推進我國與其他國傢（包括美國）檢驗檢疫機製的對等互認是我國穩定和擴大外貿齣口的重要手段。
“미국—영향중국가금산품진구적모사조시”안시중미무역쟁단중수기직접섭급WTO《위생여식물검역조시협정》（《SPS협정》）적쟁단。차쟁단원우미국국회의거《2009년종합발관법안》제727조금지미국농업부제정종중국진구가금산품적규칙。본쟁단섭급3개핵심문제：일시SPS조시적인정문제；이시전가조적관할권（직능범위）문제；삼시SPS조시적대등승인문제。단귀근결저제727조위반료WTO비기시성원칙。해쟁단설명，추진아국여기타국가（포괄미국）검험검역궤제적대등호인시아국은정화확대외무출구적중요수단。
＂The United States-Some Measures Affecting Imports of Chinese Poultry Products＂ （DS392） is the first WTO dispute arising between China and the United States, which directly deals with the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures （the SPS Agreement）. This dispute stems from Setion 727 of the 2009 Consolidated Appropriations Act. The dispute involves three core issues： first, the identification of SPS measures; second, the issue of the Panel＇s jurisdiction （Terms of reference） and third, the issue of the equivalence of SPS measures. But in the end Sec. 727 is in violation of WTO principles of non-discrimination. The dispute demonstrates that, between China and other countries （including the United States）, mutual recognition of individual inspection and quarantine mechanism is of importance in stabilizing and expanding exportation in China foreign trade.
