CAJ | 학술논문

环境变化给北极原住民带来的影响是全方位的，涉及到经济、文化、教育、健康、饮食等方方面面，本文以经济要素为主线，以加拿大因纽特民族为例，考察北极原住民在近年来全球环境变化下的社会生活的变迁。首先，环境变化使因纽特人的传统经济活动——狩猎只能在夹缝中求生存；其次，环境变化使北极地区丰富的矿产资源开发提供了便利，然而从可持续发展的视角来看，环境变化给经济活动带来的边际效益将随着资源的开发殆尽而对因纽特人造成无法估量的影响；最后，旅游业是因纽特民族的第二大产业，然而那些可以满足游客猎奇心理的因纽特人传统活动已经随着气候、环境的变化，以及外来文明的冲击而悄然发生了变迁。总体而言，环境变化对因纽特人利弊参半，前途莫测。
배경변화급북겁원주민대래적영향시전방위적，섭급도경제、문화、교육、건강、음식등방방면면，본문이경제요소위주선，이가나대인뉴특민족위례，고찰북겁원주민재근년래전구배경변화하적사회생활적변천。수선，배경변화사인뉴특인적전통경제활동——수작지능재협봉중구생존；기차，배경변화사북겁지구봉부적광산자원개발제공료편리，연이종가지속발전적시각래간，배경변화급경제활동대래적변제효익장수착자원적개발태진이대인뉴특인조성무법고량적영향；최후，여유업시인뉴특민족적제이대산업，연이나사가이만족유객작기심리적인뉴특인전통활동이경수착기후、배경적변화，이급외래문명적충격이초연발생료변천。총체이언，배경변화대인뉴특인리폐삼반，전도막측。
The impact of environmental changes on Arctic aboriginal people is comprehensive and in- volves all aspects of economy, culture, education, health, and food. This article is a case study of the In- uit in Canada, focusing on the impact of environmental change on the Arctic aboriginal economy. Firstly, environmental change makes the traditional Inuit economic activity--hunting more difficult; secondly, the environmental changes in the Arctic region facilitate the exploitation of the rich mineral resources in Arctic region. However, from the perspective of sustainable development, the marginal benefits of economic ac tivities brought about by environmental changes will greatly affect Inuifs future with the exhaustion of re- sources; finally, as the second-largest national industry of the Inuit, tourism is declining with the reducing number of tourists, who want to satisfy their psychology of seeking novelty in the traditional Inuit activi- ties and have lost their interest as the climate changes in the environment. Overall, the impact of environ- mental change on Inuit is both advantageous and disadvantageous thus, their future is uncertain.