CAJ | 학술논문

时体范畴的功能研究取向在时的形态标记具有类型学差异方面基本达成共识，但在体的类型学差异研究方面仍然不足，体类型具有斯拉夫语和非斯拉夫语的跨语言差异。在时体统一研究观中，时取决于说话时间（S）和参照时间（R）的关系，体则取决于参照时间（R）和事件时间（E）的关系，但由于R和E均具有时点和时段的双重身份，以往研究对S—R—E的逻辑关系刻画缺乏全面性和普适性。形式语义解释模型中的时态算子引入则忽略了S-R-E三者在自然语言中可能存在的任何重叠情况。本文对ReichenbachO）和金立鑫的时体理论作进一步修正和拓展，基于时点和时段的互动关系，建立了193种S—R—E逻辑组配模式，并以英语传统语法中的16种时态为例对模型进行了初步检验，同时英语的时体系统也得以建立。
시체범주적공능연구취향재시적형태표기구유류형학차이방면기본체성공식，단재체적류형학차이연구방면잉연불족，체류형구유사랍부어화비사랍부어적과어언차이。재시체통일연구관중，시취결우설화시간（S）화삼조시간（R）적관계，체칙취결우삼조시간（R）화사건시간（E）적관계，단유우R화E균구유시점화시단적쌍중신빈，이왕연구대S—R—E적라집관계각화결핍전면성화보괄성。형식어의해석모형중적시태산자인입칙홀략료S-R-E삼자재자연어언중가능존재적임하중첩정황。본문대ReichenbachO）화금립흠적시체이론작진일보수정화탁전，기우시점화시단적호동관계，건립료193충S—R—E라집조배모식，병이영어전통어법중적16충시태위례대모형진행료초보검험，동시영어적시체계통야득이건립。
While functional approaches to tense-aspect category have reached agreement on typological tense variation in morphological markers, problems still remain in typological aspect variation. Slavic and non-Slavic languages exhibit different aspect types. It is assumed from tense-aspect unified perspective that tense is determined by the relation of the point of speech（S） to the point of reference（ R）, while aspect depends on that of the point of reference （R） to the point of event（E）. Since either R or E can act as both time-point and time-interval, the depiction of S-R- E logical relations by former researchers fails to arrive at comprehensiveness and universality, and the introduction of tense operators by the formal semantic model neglects any overlaps among S, R and E. This paper attempts to revise and expand the tense-aspect theories by Reichenbach and Jin Lixin and establishes 193 S-R-E logical patterns based on the interaction between time-point and time-interval. The logical model is preliminarily examined with 16 tenses in traditional English grammar, and meanwhile a new English tense-aspect system is also established.