管理工程学报
管理工程學報
관리공정학보
Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
2013年
1期
41~48
,共null页
李少英 黎夏 刘小平 劳春华
李少英 黎夏 劉小平 勞春華
리소영 려하 류소평 로춘화
多智能体 就业市场 居住区位选择 空间集聚度
多智能體 就業市場 居住區位選擇 空間集聚度
다지능체 취업시장 거주구위선택 공간집취도
multi-agent ; labor-market; residential location selection; spatial agglomeration
基于空间经济学视角,提出了基于就业市场的劳动人口区位选择模型(Labor Market Based Model of Residential Location—LMBMRL),利用多智能体对劳动人口居住区位选择行为进行模拟研究。利用GIS方法提取经济产业空间信息,并将经济主体的空间异质性引入人口区位选择模型中。充分考虑就业市场、居住成本与通勤成本对个体区位经济效用的影响,设计基于收入和支出的个体决策规则,并利用多智能体方法对劳动人口居住区位选择行为进行模拟。模拟结果揭示了在特定经济产业空间结构下,不同人口群体区位选择形成的人口空间结构及其机理。通过成本系数差异分析,反映了居住成本和通勤成本对人口空间结构的影响。分析结果表明,当居住成本较低时,人口空间结构较为集中,而当房价上涨或居住成本较大时,劳动人口形成较为分散的空间格局;若城市交通便捷度提高,则人口的空间集聚度降低。
基于空間經濟學視角,提齣瞭基于就業市場的勞動人口區位選擇模型(Labor Market Based Model of Residential Location—LMBMRL),利用多智能體對勞動人口居住區位選擇行為進行模擬研究。利用GIS方法提取經濟產業空間信息,併將經濟主體的空間異質性引入人口區位選擇模型中。充分攷慮就業市場、居住成本與通勤成本對箇體區位經濟效用的影響,設計基于收入和支齣的箇體決策規則,併利用多智能體方法對勞動人口居住區位選擇行為進行模擬。模擬結果揭示瞭在特定經濟產業空間結構下,不同人口群體區位選擇形成的人口空間結構及其機理。通過成本繫數差異分析,反映瞭居住成本和通勤成本對人口空間結構的影響。分析結果錶明,噹居住成本較低時,人口空間結構較為集中,而噹房價上漲或居住成本較大時,勞動人口形成較為分散的空間格跼;若城市交通便捷度提高,則人口的空間集聚度降低。
기우공간경제학시각,제출료기우취업시장적노동인구구위선택모형(Labor Market Based Model of Residential Location—LMBMRL),이용다지능체대노동인구거주구위선택행위진행모의연구。이용GIS방법제취경제산업공간신식,병장경제주체적공간이질성인입인구구위선택모형중。충분고필취업시장、거주성본여통근성본대개체구위경제효용적영향,설계기우수입화지출적개체결책규칙,병이용다지능체방법대노동인구거주구위선택행위진행모의。모의결과게시료재특정경제산업공간결구하,불동인구군체구위선택형성적인구공간결구급기궤리。통과성본계수차이분석,반영료거주성본화통근성본대인구공간결구적영향。분석결과표명,당거주성본교저시,인구공간결구교위집중,이당방개상창혹거주성본교대시,노동인구형성교위분산적공간격국;약성시교통편첩도제고,칙인구적공간집취도강저。
Residential location selection is becoming a hot topic in the urban management field. There are two main research approaches including conventional regional approach and multi-agent modeling approach. The regional approaches mainly focus on statistic data involving social and economic indicators, as well as spatial data. However, the traditional "top-down" approaches are difficult in explaining the complexity of urban phenomena resulting from the decisions and behaviors of population. In contrast, the multi-agent modeling approach can simulate urban system and model the complexity of macro-processes resulting from individual behaviors at the micro-level. A variety ofmulti-agent models have been developed to simulate residential dynamics. However, these models are mainly based on the assumption of homogeneous space and do not consider the influences of spatial differentiation on economy. In fact the economic spatial configuration is the important factor that influences labor market and affects residential location selection in realistic urban environment. Therefore, the current researches have limitations on residential location selection modeling. In this paper aLabor Market-Based Model of Residential Location (LMBMRL) is proposed from the view of spatial economy, and Multi-Agent system is used to simulate the residential location selection. To model the influence of labor market, economic spatial configuration data derived from Geographical Information Systems (GIS) was incorporated into this model. As defined by spatial economic theory, the behaviors of population agents consider the influence of labor market, house cost and communication cost on individual economic utilities. Dongguan City is used for the simulation of the residential location selection by applying LMBMRL model. The simulation process reveals the effect of spatial aggregation among different population communities with certain economic spatial configuration. The simulation result demonstrates that the economic spatial configuration is likely to significantly influence the population spatial distribution which results from population residential location selection. In addition, sensitivity analysis is also carried out to assess the influence of housing cost and communication cost on population spatial distribution. The relationships among the population spatial configuration, housing cost and communication cost are detected from the simulation result. Our analysis results show that spatial structure of population is more aggregated when house cost is lower or communication cost is higher. However, as the house price rises spatial structure is less aggregated.