体育科学
體育科學
체육과학
China Sport Science
2013年
3期
19~27
,共null页
村落体育 社会生态学 变迁
村落體育 社會生態學 變遷
촌락체육 사회생태학 변천
village sports ; social ecology ; Change
为了解决村落体育的发展问题，从社会生态学视角对村落体育进行个案解读。研究发现，村落体育活动的发展具有自生、共生、再生、变异、移植等生态类型，其与环境相互作用从而形成村落体育的内生机制。在村落体育的政治、经济、自然以及文化环境不断变迁的情况下，村落体育活动在时间安排、空间分布、内容选择、参与动机、消费观念等方面发生了比较积极的转变。村落体育生态的发展既存在新农村建设的机遇，也面临城镇化背景下农村劳动力流动的挑战。针对发展中存在的问题，制定了资源的高效利用原则、协同原则、保护村落体育多样性原则以及环境综合治理等4项干预原则，提出了如下生态解决路径：在宏观上，国家应制定切实有效的扶持政策，加大投入，增加服务和资源供给，促进村落体育生态向更高层次变迁；在中观上，营造行政上重视，消费上引导，文化上包容，空间上集约优化的村落体育生态环境；在微观上，通过移植共生、传统再生、内部自生和变异转化的方法繁荣村落体育活动。
為瞭解決村落體育的髮展問題，從社會生態學視角對村落體育進行箇案解讀。研究髮現，村落體育活動的髮展具有自生、共生、再生、變異、移植等生態類型，其與環境相互作用從而形成村落體育的內生機製。在村落體育的政治、經濟、自然以及文化環境不斷變遷的情況下，村落體育活動在時間安排、空間分佈、內容選擇、參與動機、消費觀唸等方麵髮生瞭比較積極的轉變。村落體育生態的髮展既存在新農村建設的機遇，也麵臨城鎮化揹景下農村勞動力流動的挑戰。針對髮展中存在的問題，製定瞭資源的高效利用原則、協同原則、保護村落體育多樣性原則以及環境綜閤治理等4項榦預原則，提齣瞭如下生態解決路徑：在宏觀上，國傢應製定切實有效的扶持政策，加大投入，增加服務和資源供給，促進村落體育生態嚮更高層次變遷；在中觀上，營造行政上重視，消費上引導，文化上包容，空間上集約優化的村落體育生態環境；在微觀上，通過移植共生、傳統再生、內部自生和變異轉化的方法繁榮村落體育活動。
위료해결촌락체육적발전문제，종사회생태학시각대촌락체육진행개안해독。연구발현，촌락체육활동적발전구유자생、공생、재생、변이、이식등생태류형，기여배경상호작용종이형성촌락체육적내생궤제。재촌락체육적정치、경제、자연이급문화배경불단변천적정황하，촌락체육활동재시간안배、공간분포、내용선택、삼여동궤、소비관념등방면발생료비교적겁적전변。촌락체육생태적발전기존재신농촌건설적궤우，야면림성진화배경하농촌노동력류동적도전。침대발전중존재적문제，제정료자원적고효이용원칙、협동원칙、보호촌락체육다양성원칙이급배경종합치리등4항간예원칙，제출료여하생태해결로경：재굉관상，국가응제정절실유효적부지정책，가대투입，증가복무화자원공급，촉진촌락체육생태향경고층차변천；재중관상，영조행정상중시，소비상인도，문화상포용，공간상집약우화적촌락체육생태배경；재미관상，통과이식공생、전통재생、내부자생화변이전화적방법번영촌락체육활동。
In order to solve the problem of village sports intervention more scientifically and rea-sonably, deep and detailed explanation is conducted by way of case study from the perspective of the social ecology on village sports. It is found that in recent years the village sports envi-ronment has gone through the process of gradual transition from passive compression to active development in space, from negligence to consideration in politics, from refusal to actively ab- sorption in culture, from handicap to promotion in economy. Village sports have the ecological characteristics of being autogenous, symbiotic, renewable, variable and portable. The develop-ment of ecological village sports needs to grasp the new rural construction opportunity, and also face with the rural labor flow challenge under the background of urbanization. Three ecological paths are put forwarded：the first is to formulate practical and effective policy to increase in-vestment to the village sports;the second is to construct a good environment for the develop-ment of village sports which is politically recognizable, economically active, culturally compre-hensive, and spatially ample;the third is that village sports activities can become prosperous by symbiosis, traditional regeneration, internal autogenous and variation method of transforming.
