CAJ | 학술논문

Halliday认为产生语法隐喻的级转移是自上而下的单向转移。近年来，我国学者对级转移的单向性提出了质疑，提出了双向级转移的观点。实际上，语法隐喻可以理解为两个维度上的跨越：一是从语义层到词汇语法层的跨越，二是词汇语法层各语法范畴之间的跨越。两种跨越都呈现单向性规律，概念隐喻的跨越表现为自上而下的单向级转移，情态隐喻的跨越表现为从情态动词到情态副词再到情态投射小句的单向范畴转移，语气隐喻的跨越表现为从无标记性语气形式到有标记性语气形式的范畴转移，语篇隐喻的跨越表现为从无标记性结构到有标记性结构的单向范畴转移。由此证明，级转移具有双向性的观点不符合语法隐喻的发生机制。
Halliday인위산생어법은유적급전이시자상이하적단향전이。근년래，아국학자대급전이적단향성제출료질의，제출료쌍향급전이적관점。실제상，어법은유가이리해위량개유도상적과월：일시종어의층도사회어법층적과월，이시사회어법층각어법범주지간적과월。량충과월도정현단향성규률，개념은유적과월표현위자상이하적단향급전이，정태은유적과월표현위종정태동사도정태부사재도정태투사소구적단향범주전이，어기은유적과월표현위종무표기성어기형식도유표기성어기형식적범주전이，어편은유적과월표현위종무표기성결구도유표기성결구적단향범주전이。유차증명，급전이구유쌍향성적관점불부합어법은유적발생궤제。
In Hallidayan sense, the rankshift of grammatical metaphor is unidirectionally downgrading. In recent years, however, Chinese systemicists have proposed the bidirectionality of rankshift. This research finds that rankshifts take place along two dimensions, one is the transfer from semantics to lexicogrammar in the content layer of language and the other is that among grammatical categories at the lexicogrammaticical level; both are unidirectional. Ideational metaphor is manifested as downward rankshift, metaphors of modality as unidirectional transcategorization from modal verbs to modal adverbs or prepositional phrases and finally to modal projecting clauses, metaphors of mood as unidirectional transcategorization from unmarked to marked mood choices, and textual metaphor as unidirectional transcategorization from unmarked to marked structures. Therefore, the bidirectionality of rankshift does not accord with the mechanism of grammatical metaphor.