CAJ | 학술논문

“羖”即家山羊。由于南方蓄养之山羊多为黑色，故将“羖”讹为“黑羊”或“黑色公羊”。“羖”又写作“羖羊[歴]”，敦煌文献也写作“骨力”。一群中既有绵羊又有山羊，是牧人根据两者之习性总结出的放牧经验。其中的毅羊不仅起领头作用，也为牧人提供乳品。敦煌牧业经济中，“羖羊”占有很重要的地位。在归义军时期，羖羊约占到全部羊的三分之一。羖羊不仅提供用于精纺的羊绒，而且提供用于制革的皮张，还是敦煌乳品的主要提供者，羖羊肉味鲜美，也受到敦煌人的喜爱。
“고”즉가산양。유우남방축양지산양다위흑색，고장“고”와위“흑양”혹“흑색공양”。“고”우사작“고양[력]”，돈황문헌야사작“골력”。일군중기유면양우유산양，시목인근거량자지습성총결출적방목경험。기중적의양불부기령두작용，야위목인제공유품。돈황목업경제중，“고양”점유흔중요적지위。재귀의군시기，고양약점도전부양적삼분지일。고양불부제공용우정방적양융，이차제공용우제혁적피장，환시돈황유품적주요제공자，고양육미선미，야수도돈황인적희애。
“羖 Gu” means domestic goats. Since most goats raised in the south are black, “Gu” is mistaken as black goat or black ram. “羖 Gu” is also written as “羖羊[歴]” , in Dunhuang documents it is written as “骨力”. A flock consists of both sheep and goats, herdsmen established this very way of raising by taking into consideration the habits of both sheep and goats.“Guyang” is leader of the flock, they also offer dairy product for herdsmen. In the husbandry of Dunhuang, “Guyang” played an important role. In the time of Guiyijun, one thirds of the flock was Guyang. Guyang provides people with fine cashmere, leather, dairy products and delicious meat for the people in Dunhuang.