系统工程理论与实践
繫統工程理論與實踐
계통공정이론여실천
Systems Engineering—Theory & Practice
2013年
3期
776~784
,共null页
高媛媛 许新宜 王红瑞 高雄 殷小琳
高媛媛 許新宜 王紅瑞 高雄 慇小琳
고원원 허신의 왕홍서 고웅 은소림
水资源利用效率 投影寻踪 遗传算法 Ward系统聚类 层次分析法
水資源利用效率 投影尋蹤 遺傳算法 Ward繫統聚類 層次分析法
수자원이용효솔 투영심종 유전산법 Ward계통취류 층차분석법
water use efficiency; projection pursuit; genetic algorithm; Ward hierarchical cluster; analytichierarchy process
构建了一种基于投影寻踪及遗传算法的水资源利用效率评估模型.首先运用层次分析法(AHP)对指标集进行筛选,利用Ward系统聚类方法划分样本初始等级;以初始等级和所选指标为基础建立投影寻踪模型;采用遗传算法进行求解.并将所构建的模型应用于对我国31个省级行政区的水资源利用效率进行评估.根据模型计算结果,北京、天津、山西等地水资源利用效率较高,而宁夏、广西、西藏等水资源利用效率低.分析发现中国水资源利用效率具有较为明显的地域特征和区域差异,其基本趋势是:水资源短缺压力较大或经济较发达的地区水资源利用效率相对较高;反之亦然.水资源利用效率较高的地区呈现出万元工业增加值用水量少、去变异化农业用水效率高、人均GDP高等显著特点.
構建瞭一種基于投影尋蹤及遺傳算法的水資源利用效率評估模型.首先運用層次分析法(AHP)對指標集進行篩選,利用Ward繫統聚類方法劃分樣本初始等級;以初始等級和所選指標為基礎建立投影尋蹤模型;採用遺傳算法進行求解.併將所構建的模型應用于對我國31箇省級行政區的水資源利用效率進行評估.根據模型計算結果,北京、天津、山西等地水資源利用效率較高,而寧夏、廣西、西藏等水資源利用效率低.分析髮現中國水資源利用效率具有較為明顯的地域特徵和區域差異,其基本趨勢是:水資源短缺壓力較大或經濟較髮達的地區水資源利用效率相對較高;反之亦然.水資源利用效率較高的地區呈現齣萬元工業增加值用水量少、去變異化農業用水效率高、人均GDP高等顯著特點.
구건료일충기우투영심종급유전산법적수자원이용효솔평고모형.수선운용층차분석법(AHP)대지표집진행사선,이용Ward계통취류방법화분양본초시등급;이초시등급화소선지표위기출건립투영심종모형;채용유전산법진행구해.병장소구건적모형응용우대아국31개성급행정구적수자원이용효솔진행평고.근거모형계산결과,북경、천진、산서등지수자원이용효솔교고,이저하、엄서、서장등수자원이용효솔저.분석발현중국수자원이용효솔구유교위명현적지역특정화구역차이,기기본추세시:수자원단결압력교대혹경제교발체적지구수자원이용효솔상대교고;반지역연.수자원이용효솔교고적지구정현출만원공업증가치용수량소、거변이화농업용수효솔고、인균GDP고등현저특점.
Water use efficiency evaluation model based on projection pursuit was developed in this study. Indexes were screened by analytic hierarchy process (AHP); Ward hierarchical cluster method was used for initial classification. Based on these, the evaluation with projection pursuit was established; and genetic algorithm was used for the solution of the model. Water use efficiency of the 31 provincial administrative regions was evaluated applying the model established. Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi and so on were ranked into the category with high water use efficiency; water use efficiency was low in Ningxia, Guang~i, Tibet and so on. The results show that water use efficiency in China has obvious territorial characteristics and regional differences. The basic trend is that water resources is used more efficiently in the regions with higher water shortage stress or advanced economy. In the regions where water resources is much more abundant or economy is underdeveloped, water use efficiency is not relatively lower. Lower water consumed for per unit of industrial added production, higher agricultural water use efficiency and higher GDP per capita are the primary features of the regions with high water use efficiency.