CAJ | 학술논문

摘要：因为我国现行的体育体制，在进行兴奋剂赛外检查时，主体具有行政属性。在检查过程中为了调查取证和保全证据，往往要对被检查人员的相关物品进行搜查和扣押等行政强制措施，而我国的法律、法规都没有对行政强制措施的设定权作出统一的规定，也没有规定设定权法定原则。从《体育法》到《反兴奋剂条例》也没有明确赛外检查强制措施的设定权，这很容易对被检查人员造成损害，对这种伤害我们可以通过申述、行政复议和行政诉讼，同时还可以一并或单独就损害申请国家赔偿。为了减少检查双方的矛盾和摩擦，同时考虑体育行业的自身规律和特征，我们可以借鉴比例原则和CAS的临时强制，在有关体育的法律、法规中明确赛外检查强制措施的法定原则，加强体育立法并成立专门的体育仲裁法院，为解决越来越多的兴奋剂赛外检查纠纷提供法律途径。
적요：인위아국현행적체육체제，재진행흥강제새외검사시，주체구유행정속성。재검사과정중위료조사취증화보전증거，왕왕요대피검사인원적상관물품진행수사화구압등행정강제조시，이아국적법률、법규도몰유대행정강제조시적설정권작출통일적규정，야몰유규정설정권법정원칙。종《체육법》도《반흥강제조례》야몰유명학새외검사강제조시적설정권，저흔용역대피검사인원조성손해，대저충상해아문가이통과신술、행정복의화행정소송，동시환가이일병혹단독취손해신청국가배상。위료감소검사쌍방적모순화마찰，동시고필체육행업적자신규률화특정，아문가이차감비례원칙화CAS적림시강제，재유관체육적법률、법규중명학새외검사강제조시적법정원칙，가강체육입법병성립전문적체육중재법원，위해결월래월다적흥강제새외검사규분제공법률도경。
Because of our sports system, the compulsory inspection for out - of - competition Testing is a kind of administrative compulsory measures. The adopted compulsory measures during the process of anti - doping Out - of - Competition Testing are searching and distraining. In order to investigate and protect the evidences that athletes violate doping control, the distrainers may infringe the legal rights of the distrainees. There is no article in our law to prescribe the enactive principle, no exception in the laws of PRC Sports Code and PRC Anti - doping Code. The distrainees can apply for national compensation by state, ad- ministrative lawsuit, meanwhile, we should draw lessons from the principle of proportionality in Germany and provisional meas- ures in CAS to make clear in the legislation of administrative compulsory measures of the out - of - competition testing ： com- pulsory inspection and distrain shall be created by constitution and law. The legislation of sports shall he strengthened, and the Court of Arbitration for China Sport should be come into existence to provide a better way for the aggrieved party.