中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2013年
4期
169~175
,共null页
生态效率 超效率DEA Malmquist指数 Tobit回归
生態效率 超效率DEA Malmquist指數 Tobit迴歸
생태효솔 초효솔DEA Malmquist지수 Tobit회귀
eco-efficiency; super-efficient DEA; Malmquist index; the Tobit regression
循环经济是区域实现可持续发展的重要模式，生态效率方法是研究循环经济比较适合的定量方法。本文以长株潭“3＋5”城市群为研究对象。建立了基于DEA模型的生态效率投入产出指标体系，运用超效率DEA方法测算了各城市2005—2010年的效率，然后利用Mahmluist-DEA模型对生态效率进行动态对比研究。最后建立基于面板数据的Tobit模型考察不同因素对效率的影响。实证结果表明：城市群整体生态效率水平比较高，城市间差距较大，长沙作为省会城市生态效率明显处于领先地位。通过运用Mahnquist-DEA指数分析结果表明2005—2010年全要素生态效率的增长率TFP值都大于1．年均增长率为12．6％。从增长率的进一步分解表明技术进步是推动生态效率增长率的主要动力，而综合技术效率和纯技术效率的下降是制约TPF提升的瓶颈因素。最后通过对各省生态效率影响因素分析表明产业结构、研发强度对生态效率有显著的正向影响，但引进外资对生态效率的影响是负面的；技术进步则是促进生态效率增长的内在动力。
循環經濟是區域實現可持續髮展的重要模式，生態效率方法是研究循環經濟比較適閤的定量方法。本文以長株潭“3＋5”城市群為研究對象。建立瞭基于DEA模型的生態效率投入產齣指標體繫，運用超效率DEA方法測算瞭各城市2005—2010年的效率，然後利用Mahmluist-DEA模型對生態效率進行動態對比研究。最後建立基于麵闆數據的Tobit模型攷察不同因素對效率的影響。實證結果錶明：城市群整體生態效率水平比較高，城市間差距較大，長沙作為省會城市生態效率明顯處于領先地位。通過運用Mahnquist-DEA指數分析結果錶明2005—2010年全要素生態效率的增長率TFP值都大于1．年均增長率為12．6％。從增長率的進一步分解錶明技術進步是推動生態效率增長率的主要動力，而綜閤技術效率和純技術效率的下降是製約TPF提升的瓶頸因素。最後通過對各省生態效率影響因素分析錶明產業結構、研髮彊度對生態效率有顯著的正嚮影響，但引進外資對生態效率的影響是負麵的；技術進步則是促進生態效率增長的內在動力。
순배경제시구역실현가지속발전적중요모식，생태효솔방법시연구순배경제비교괄합적정량방법。본문이장주담“3＋5”성시군위연구대상。건립료기우DEA모형적생태효솔투입산출지표체계，운용초효솔DEA방법측산료각성시2005—2010년적효솔，연후이용Mahmluist-DEA모형대생태효솔진행동태대비연구。최후건립기우면판수거적Tobit모형고찰불동인소대효솔적영향。실증결과표명：성시군정체생태효솔수평비교고，성시간차거교대，장사작위성회성시생태효솔명현처우령선지위。통과운용Mahnquist-DEA지수분석결과표명2005—2010년전요소생태효솔적증장솔TFP치도대우1．년균증장솔위12．6％。종증장솔적진일보분해표명기술진보시추동생태효솔증장솔적주요동력，이종합기술효솔화순기술효솔적하강시제약TPF제승적병경인소。최후통과대각성생태효솔영향인소분석표명산업결구、연발강도대생태효솔유현저적정향영향，단인진외자대생태효솔적영향시부면적；기술진보칙시촉진생태효솔증장적내재동력。
Circular economy is an important model of regional sustainable development, eco-efficiency approach is a comparatatively appropriate quantitative methods for studying circular economy. Regarding to Chang-Zhu-Tan （Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan） ＂3 ＋5＂ urban agglomeration, this paper firstly establishes the input and output index system of eco-efficieney based on the DEA model, and calculates the efficiency in eight cities from 2005 to 2010 by using super-efficient DEA method, respectively. Then the dynamic comparative study of eco-efficiency has been done by using Malmquist-DEA model. The paper uses super-efficient DEA method to estimate the efficiency of the cities in 2005 - 2010, and finally the Tobit model based on panel data has been developed to study the effect of the efficiency at different factors. The results showed the higher level of holistie eco-efficiency in urban agglomerations the larger differences among cities, Changsha is on the leading position of the provincial capital cities. By using Malmquist-DEA model analysis the results showed that the growth rates of total factor eco-efficiency TFP value are always larger than 1, with an average annual growth rate of 12.6%. The further decomposition of growth rates indicates that the technical progress is the major power to promote the growth rate of eco-efficiency, but the decline of the overall and pure technical efficiency is the bottleneck factor of restricting TPF ascension. At the last, the results of using factor analysis of eco-effieiency in provinces showed that the industrial structures, R＆D strength had a significant positive impact to eeo-effciency, but the introduction of foreign capitals has a negative effect to the ecoeffcieney. The development of technology is the internal driving force to a improvement of the ecological efficiency.
