CAJ | 학술논문

在我国，由于微观家庭数据的缺乏，我们对中国家庭资产缺乏了解。2011年，中国家庭金融调查与研究中心对随机抽取的位于25个省、80个县、320个社区的8438户家庭进行访问，获得了中国首个关于家庭金融的微观调查数据，填补了此领域的数据空白。根据此数据，在调查时点中国家庭总资产均值为121．7万元，中位数为20．3万元。城市家庭总资产均值为247．6万元，中位数为40．5万元。同时，中国家庭资产的分布严重不均衡，仅14．30％的城市家庭与21．3％的农村家庭资产超过相应的均值。中部、西部地区家庭户均资产仅为东部地区家庭的14．2％和12．1％。房产作为家庭资产的重要组成部分，从长远来看，房价下跌是难以避免的。根据数据推算，现有城镇家庭住房的刚性需求为6459万套，城镇地区的房屋供给约为4046万套，缺口为2413万套。以目前的产能，不到两年时间就能满足现有家庭的刚性需求。就长期而言，房地产行业主要满足新增的住房需求。每年新增需求约为579万套，也只是现在房地产产能的1／3。
재아국，유우미관가정수거적결핍，아문대중국가정자산결핍료해。2011년，중국가정금융조사여연구중심대수궤추취적위우25개성、80개현、320개사구적8438호가정진행방문，획득료중국수개관우가정금융적미관조사수거，전보료차영역적수거공백。근거차수거，재조사시점중국가정총자산균치위121．7만원，중위수위20．3만원。성시가정총자산균치위247．6만원，중위수위40．5만원。동시，중국가정자산적분포엄중불균형，부14．30％적성시가정여21．3％적농촌가정자산초과상응적균치。중부、서부지구가정호균자산부위동부지구가정적14．2％화12．1％。방산작위가정자산적중요조성부분，종장원래간，방개하질시난이피면적。근거수거추산，현유성진가정주방적강성수구위6459만투，성진지구적방옥공급약위4046만투，결구위2413만투。이목전적산능，불도량년시간취능만족현유가정적강성수구。취장기이언，방지산행업주요만족신증적주방수구。매년신증수구약위579만투，야지시현재방지산산능적1／3。
Due to lack of household level data, very little was known about households assets in China. In 2011, Survey and Research Center for China Household Finance （CHFS） conducted a nationally representative household survey. The completed 8438 sample households are located in 320 communities in 80 counties, both rural and urban, covering 25 provinces. According to the survey, average assets of Chinese households are 1. 217 million yuan while the median assets are only 203,000 yuan at the time of the survey. For urban regis- tered residents, the average assets are 2. 476 million yuan and the median assets are 405,000yuan. Only 14. 3% of the urban households and 21.34% of the rural households have their assets to be higher than the cor- responding averages. The average household assets in Central, Western China are only 14. 2% , 12. 1% of that in Eastern China. Housing is a very important component of household assets. It is likely that the price of hous- ing will fall in the long run. According to the data, the residential demand for housing of the current urban households is 70. 83 million units. Compared to a current supply of 40.46 million units, there are another 30. 37 million unites needed. This residential demand will be met for less than 2 years given the current build- ing capacity. Over the long term, the real estate industry is mainly to meet the incremental residential demand of about 5.79 million units annually, which is only 1/3 of the building capacity.