CAJ | 학술논문

我国总的人口红利仍处于高峰状态，但将逐步进入后人口红利期。通过对全国人口普查的资料以及其他资料进行分析，发现人口红利在总量与结构、地区与地区之间存在着不均衡的矛盾；基础教育水平虽然整体提高，但职业技术教育的投入却严重不足，从而导致“用工荒”与“就业难”并存。通过进一步的研究表明，制度不健全、投入不足以及教育体系不完善等是造成当前农村剩余劳动力难以转移的根本原因。政府通过完善职业技术教育制度、加大投入，通过各种激励措施，吸引社会力量采取多种模式、因材施教、按需培训等方式，同时鼓励农村剩余劳动力主动参加职业技术教育，才能达到增加人口红利的目的。
아국총적인구홍리잉처우고봉상태，단장축보진입후인구홍리기。통과대전국인구보사적자료이급기타자료진행분석，발현인구홍리재총량여결구、지구여지구지간존재착불균형적모순；기출교육수평수연정체제고，단직업기술교육적투입각엄중불족，종이도치“용공황”여“취업난”병존。통과진일보적연구표명，제도불건전、투입불족이급교육체계불완선등시조성당전농촌잉여노동력난이전이적근본원인。정부통과완선직업기술교육제도、가대투입，통과각충격려조시，흡인사회역량채취다충모식、인재시교、안수배훈등방식，동시고려농촌잉여노동력주동삼가직업기술교육，재능체도증가인구홍리적목적。
The overall demographic dividend of China is in the peak time, but will enter the late demographic dividend period gradually. We found imbalances of demographic dividend on the amount, structure and regions by analyzing our national pop- ulation census data and other materials. Although basic education level has been overall improved, but investment in vocation- al and technical education is far from enough, which leaded to the coexistence of ＂labor shortage＂ and ＂the difficult employ- ment＂. Further researches showed that, imperfect system, inadequate investment and unperfected training system are the root reasons to prevent the current rural surplus labor transferring to other regions. Thus government can achieve the purpose of increasing the demographic dividend by improving vocational and technical training system, increasing investment, through vari- ous incentive measures to attract social forces to take a variety of vocational and technical education model, on the use of in- dividualized, on-demand training methods, while encouraging the rural surplus labor force joining the vocational and technical training at the same time.