CAJ | 학술논문

由自然或人为因素带来的人道灾难频繁发生，使得人道主义救援供应链（HRSC）这一新兴领域的研究逐渐受到国际社会的重视。本文从HRSC自身的特点出发，结合前人对供应链绩效的研究成果，以伙伴合作为中介变量，连接市场竞争和权威治理对HRSC绩效的影响关系，构建了HRSC的组织绩效模型，并通过结构方程（SEM）的统和模型分析技术对其进行实证分析。结果表明：伙伴合作在市场竞争和权威治理的影响下，可以较好的解释HRSC绩效。在此基础上，本文还结合我国国情，从伙伴合作的角度对我国人道主义救援工作提出了参考意见。
유자연혹인위인소대래적인도재난빈번발생，사득인도주의구원공응련（HRSC）저일신흥영역적연구축점수도국제사회적중시。본문종HRSC자신적특점출발，결합전인대공응련적효적연구성과，이화반합작위중개변량，련접시장경쟁화권위치리대HRSC적효적영향관계，구건료HRSC적조직적효모형，병통과결구방정（SEM）적통화모형분석기술대기진행실증분석。결과표명：화반합작재시장경쟁화권위치리적영향하，가이교호적해석HRSC적효。재차기출상，본문환결합아국국정，종화반합작적각도대아국인도주의구원공작제출료삼고의견。
Humanitarian disasters caused by natural or man-made factors in the world happened otten recent years, making the studies＇ of this new area ＂humanitarian relief supply chain＂（HRSC） receiving more and more international society＇ s attention. In humanitarian crisis, rescue effects will depend on the extent of international co- ordination. Good coordination regime can help international society to integrate various forces, optimize the alloca- tion of resources, eliminate the internal frictions, and minimize the losses caused by disasters. Some studies show that in the process of humanitarian disasters relief, the cooperative relationship based on trust among relief organiza- tions can effectively promote the development of the relief supply chain. Moreover, since the lack of resources or i other reasons, there exist competition and conflict of interest among these organizations, thus making impact on the trust and cooperative relationship. This paper adds these two variables of Authority management and Market competition to Partner＇ s collabora- tion, thinking that these three variables are closely related to the humanitarian relief supply chain performance. Authority means power and popular trust, power makes strength, while popular trust is established on a certain social foundation, thus ＂Authority management＂ is to organize and coordinate the activities between different be- havioral entities through power and popular trust. But authority management isn＇ t equal to political absolutism, which is relative to democracy and belongs to a narrow political process. In the process of humanitarian disaster re- lief work, authority manage can make the members in the supply chain more related and reliable, thus contributing to the HRSC performance. ＂Market competition＂ refers to the interrelation and action mechanism among the market supply and demand, prices, competition and risk, since a number of market entities pay attention to the market information, the market competition is sensitive. Every entity makes decisions through the information it obtains, leading to the diversifica- tion characteristic of the market strategy. ＂Partner＇ s collaboration＂ means that since the HRSC＇ s complexity, a rescue activity must be completed jointly by multiple participants, there are many organizations and individuals in the process of HRSC, which can help each other, and learn from others＇ strong points to offset ones＇ weakness, thus contributing to the HRSC performance. Based on this, a dynamic and open HRSC should be made up with three levels including authority manage- ment, market competition and partner＇ s collaboration. Authority management is the core, it can form HRSC ＇ s net- work structure and communication rules. In a stable environment, hierarchy can work persistently and stably, but in the rapid change of the environment （e. g. , humanitarian crisis）, its reaction tends to be relatively behind, and lack of efficiency. Market competition can overcome the problem of hierarchy performance, making the organiza- tions in the supply chain can react rapidly according to different environment. But it is also faced with some own problems, considering the market competition, there absolutely exist economic conflicts between different entities （ such as raising donations fund） , moreover, different entities also have different political interests. Partner＇ s col- laboration can combine authority management with market competition, forming a HRSC network society, it can make humanitarian relief supply chain network flat communication like a market, and making decisions independ- ently. Therefore, if the organizations in HRSC can work together to plan, implement and evaluate their coopera- tion, it will lead to higher HRSC performance. In view of these, based on the characters of HRSC and combined with previous research results, a HRSC per- formance model is established in this article. This model sets partner＇ s collaboration as the mediating variable to explore market competition and authority management＇ s effect on organizational performance. And through empiri- cal analysis with the SEM techniques, it is proved that partner＇ s collaboration which is affected by the authority management and market competition can perfectly explain the HRSC performance. Moreover, based on this, sever- al referenced suggestions for China＇s humanitarian relief work from perspective of partners is also put forward in this paper, hoping it can make a contribution to the humanitarian relief work and provide a necessary basis for the long- term planning and strategy layout of HRSC.