CAJ | 학술논문

生活充满抉择，由于知识经验的局限，人们常需寻求他人建议，抑或直接请他人代己决策。诸多研究探讨了自我决策、向他人建议，以及代他人决策之间的差异。探究这种差异的动因之一在于考察何种条件下的决策更优或更“理性”。以往研究表明，自我决策或他人决策（向他人建议或代他人决策）均有可能更易违背理性决策原则，隐含着他人决策优于自我决策的“当局者迷，旁观者清”这一传统智慧有一定的边界条件。研究者一般从认知（建构水平理论）、情绪（类型和卷入度），以及动机（调节聚焦理论）三种视角对自我-他人决策差异进行解释。本文作者提出基于理由的决策（reason—basedaccount）假设来解释自我一他人决策在理性程度上的差异。未来研究可从决策过程及脑机制上深入考察自我．他人决策差异及其机制。
생활충만결택，유우지식경험적국한，인문상수심구타인건의，억혹직접청타인대기결책。제다연구탐토료자아결책、향타인건의，이급대타인결책지간적차이。탐구저충차이적동인지일재우고찰하충조건하적결책경우혹경“이성”。이왕연구표명，자아결책혹타인결책（향타인건의혹대타인결책）균유가능경역위배이성결책원칙，은함착타인결책우우자아결책적“당국자미，방관자청”저일전통지혜유일정적변계조건。연구자일반종인지（건구수평이론）、정서（류형화권입도），이급동궤（조절취초이론）삼충시각대자아-타인결책차이진행해석。본문작자제출기우이유적결책（reason—basedaccount）가설래해석자아일타인결책재이성정도상적차이。미래연구가종결책과정급뇌궤제상심입고찰자아．타인결책차이급기궤제。
Numerous studies have examined the differences between the conditions of giving advice to others, making decisions for others, and making decisions for oneself. An important reason for researchers to examine the differences between the three conditions, arguable, is to determine which one is more likely leading to rational or optimized choice. The research in the literature, on one hand, revealed that people experience choice overload, display omission bias and confirmatory bias when they make decisions for themselves, but do not show these decision biases when they make decisions on behalf of others or give advice for others. Some research, on the other hand, has demonstrated that more compromise effect and predecisional distortion were displayed when people make decisions on behalf of others than make decisions for themselves. These results suggest that standers-by does not always see more than gamesters. Construction level theory, regulatory focus theory and emotional factors were proposed to explain the differences between decision making for oneself or for others. We suggest future research examine and explain the differences between decision making for oneself and for others in a more integrated way and focus on examining the mechanism of self-other decision making by employing methods such as eye tracking and functional magnetic resonance imaging to provide a much richer description of the decision process.