CAJ | 학술논문

尼采和马克思学说的最高指向都是“人”，“超人”和“自由人”分别是他们构想出来的理想人，两种理想人具有很多相似之处。尼采拒斥普遍性，马克思则坚持普遍性与特殊性的统一，尼采和马克思学说这种整体指向的巨大差异决定了“超人”和“自由人”在具体特征、具体追求和实现途径等方面的不同。马克思的“自由人”设想更具现实性，“自由人”的发展更全面；尼采的“超人”体现了精神的解放与生命本能的释放，对人的发展亦有重要启示。
니채화마극사학설적최고지향도시“인”，“초인”화“자유인”분별시타문구상출래적이상인，량충이상인구유흔다상사지처。니채거척보편성，마극사칙견지보편성여특수성적통일，니채화마극사학설저충정체지향적거대차이결정료“초인”화“자유인”재구체특정、구체추구화실현도경등방면적불동。마극사적“자유인”설상경구현실성，“자유인”적발전경전면；니채적“초인”체현료정신적해방여생명본능적석방，대인적발전역유중요계시。
The highest point of Nietzsche＇s and Marx＇s theories is ＂man＂. ＂Superman＂ and ＂free man＂ are two ideal models of man conceived respectively by Nietzsche and Marx. The two ideal men have a lot of similarities. Nietzsche rejected the universality, but Marx insisted unity of universality and particularity. This lead to diversities of ＂superman＂ and ＂free man＂ in terms of characteristics, specific pursuits and approaches of realization. While Marx＇s ＂free man＂ is more realistic and can gain more comprehensive development, Nietzsche＇s ＂superman＂ specially embodies the spiritual freedom and the release of life instinct. So it also has in important enlightenment on the development of human beings.