CAJ | 학술논문

采用表情图片作为外源性提示的点探测任务，通过109名大学生探讨成人依恋倾向性和注意之间的关系。研究发现：依恋回避维度和三种面部表情的提示有效性指标呈现显著负相关；依恋回避高分组出现了提示有效性效应的消失和逆转；依恋焦虑维度和提示有效性、注意卷入和注意分离没有相关。结果表明：回避性依恋者对任何信息都存在回避性注意偏向；回避性注意偏向的强度随信息依恋效价的增强而增强；回避性注意偏向的出现为去激活策略的存在提供了跨文化证据。
채용표정도편작위외원성제시적점탐측임무，통과109명대학생탐토성인의련경향성화주의지간적관계。연구발현：의련회피유도화삼충면부표정적제시유효성지표정현현저부상관；의련회피고분조출현료제시유효성효응적소실화역전；의련초필유도화제시유효성、주의권입화주의분리몰유상관。결과표명：회피성의련자대임하신식도존재회피성주의편향；회피성주의편향적강도수신식의련효개적증강이증강；회피성주의편향적출현위거격활책략적존재제공료과문화증거。
As an essential psychological process of activation and regulation of attachment systems, attention with its role in attachment orientation has been increasingly emphasized. However, to date, it is unclear whether different attachment strategies guide attention toward or away from attachment signals; and whether threat signals are in line with above-mentioned expectations because of the inconsistent findings made in empirical studies. Moreover, how attachment orientation is associated with attention and whether the above-mentioned predictions would be confirmed are still not clear for Chinese participants. Therefore, in order to find the answers to afore-mentioned questions, the researchers replicated and extended Dewitte et al. ＇s work in China among 109 undergraduates. The exogenous cued dot-probe task is consisted of exogenous cues with three different expression pictures such as happy, angry, and neutral, which appeared in the same or opposite position of the target appearance at 50% of all trials, and a black square （2.5mm x2.5mm） as target that can appear on the left or right of the computer screen at 50% of all trials. Participants＇task was to point out the position where the target appeared by pressing the F key or the J key as quickly as possible. The ECR was administered after the dot-probe task. Based on the reaction time and the accuracy rate, the cue valid effect, attention engagement effect and attention disengagement effect were separately created as the attention bias indices. Cue type and expression type and avoidant group were independent variables. The main results are summarized as follows. The present study is a good paradigm for investigating the spatial distribution feature of attention, with better cue validity effect proved by a marginal significant cue validity effect for reaction time （ F（ 1,108 ） = 3. 465, p =. 07）, and a significant cue validity effect for accuracy rate （ F（1,108） = 27.44, p 〈. 001 ）. There was a significant negative association between avoidant dimension and each expression cue validity index, β = -. 33, for angry expression, β = - . 39, for angry expression, β = -. 24, for neutral expression, all ps 〈. 05. The greater a person＇s attachment avoidance is, the lower the cue validity. Cue validity finally completely disappears for people who are divided into the high-score group, with the values of cue validity index changing from positive to negative for corresponding low-score group and high-score group （ see Table 5 ）. An avoidant group x picture type repeated measures ANOVA also reveals this phenomenon, with a significant avoidant group main effect （F（ 1,27） = 11.71, p =. 002）. There were no correlations between the attachment anxiety and all attention bias indices. The above-mentioned results indicated that attachment avoidance guides attention away not only from attachment-related stimulus but also from nonattachment-related stimulus. The intensity of this kind of bias heightens increasingly when the attachment valence increases. This stimulus-general and stimulus-specific attention bias underlines the deactivation strategies functioning and provides cross- cultural evidence for attachment theory about avoidant attachment orientation.