CAJ | 학술논문

以联结性-推理性评价模型为基础分析情绪在内隐态度向外显态度转化过程中的作用。研究发现，外显态度可以预测行为结果；而内隐态度对行为结果的预测受到情绪的调节，积极情绪下内隐态度能够预测行为结果，消极情绪下内隐态度不预测行为结果。因此，与消极情绪相比，积极情绪降低了个体对内隐态度进行修正的可能性，促使个体基于内隐态度直接构建外显态度，从而使得内隐态度能够预测行为结果。
이련결성-추이성평개모형위기출분석정서재내은태도향외현태도전화과정중적작용。연구발현，외현태도가이예측행위결과；이내은태도대행위결과적예측수도정서적조절，적겁정서하내은태도능구예측행위결과，소겁정서하내은태도불예측행위결과。인차，여소겁정서상비，적겁정서강저료개체대내은태도진행수정적가능성，촉사개체기우내은태도직접구건외현태도，종이사득내은태도능구예측행위결과。
Factors impacting whether and how attitude predicts behavioral outcomes are crucial for attitude research. Previous theoretical and empirical attitude research focused mainly on explicit attitude. According to implicit social cognition, individuals can simultaneously hold explicit and implicit evaluation toward the same object. Moreover, for some attitude object, explicit attitude assessed by traditional self - report measure is qualitatively unrelated to implicit attitude, which is mostly based on the response time or indirect measures. Associative -Propositional Evaluation Mode/ （APE） , one of the most influential dual -process models used in the implicit social cognition research, provides the integrative theoretical framework for understanding the relationships between explicit attitude, implicit attitude and behavior. Moreover, much less attention has been placed on the role of emotion in the relationship between explicit - implicit correspondence and implicit attitude - behavior. Some studies have revealed that emotional states influence the relationship between explicit attitude and implicit attitude. Compared with individuals with negative feelings, individuals who experience a lot of positive emotions showed higher explicit - implicit attitude consistency. An important but often ignored research topic is the role of emotional states in the relationship among explicit attitude, implicit attitude and behavior. This study aimed to explore the role of emotion played in transforming implicit attitude into explicit attitude, and the relationships between emotion, attitude and behavior accordingly. Subjects aged 19 through 22 years old were recruited from a university campus and were paid 5 RMB each for participating. The study consisted of two sessions. In the first session, 123 subjects completed a self - report questionnaire for assessing their explicit attitude toward eight kinds of food （ including fruit and potato chips）. A week later, 64 subjects agreed to participate in a supposedly unrelated study and completed the Implicit Association Test to assess their implicit attitude toward potato chips and PANAS. After that, an experimenter requested subjects to view randomly one of movie clips （ comedy clips for positive emotion induction or tragedy clips for negative emotion induction） for the purpose of having a rest, and give them fruit and potato chips to eat 5 minutes before the end of movie clips. The weight of potato chips eaten in 5 minutes was measured and recorded as a dependent variable. As before, this study has verified the predictive effect of explicit attitude on the individuals＇behavior. The more positive attitude toward potato chips individuals hold, the more they eat when watching the movie. But this effect may not be applied to implicit attitude. Whether implicit attitude influences behavior relies on individuals＇emotional states, with implicit attitude influencing behavior among individuals in the state of positive emotional state, but not individuals with negative emotion. These results are consistent with the central hypothesis of the Associative - Propositional Evaluation Model, and demonstrate the critical role emotion plays in theimplicit attitude - behavior relation. Besides, the theoretical significance and limitation of this study and future directions were also discussed.