CAJ | 학술논문

本研究根据音乐加工的层级结构,对现有的脑成像研究进行了元分析,探讨了音乐知觉的神经基础。具体而言,对特异于音乐知觉加工的两个层级,音程分析和结构分析的神经基础进行了分析,并在此基础上对比了参与两个层级加工的脑区。结果发现,音程分析主要的激活分布在双侧颞上回和右侧额下回,在中央前回、角回和脑岛等脑区也有分布。音程分析在颞上回激活最多,可能表明颞上回为音程分析的核心区域。结构分析激活分布较广,主要激活颞上回、颞横回和前额叶区域,此外,还激活了下顶叶、缘上回和舌回等顶枕区域。结构分析在前额叶激活最多,可能表明前额叶为结构分析的核心区域。最后,对比两层级激活的脑区发现,二者仅在后侧颞上回存在着重合,而在绝大部分脑区则表现出分离,这暗示了音程分析和结构分析通过颞上回进行交流,并负责音乐不同层面的加工。
본연구근거음악가공적층급결구,대현유적뇌성상연구진행료원분석,탐토료음악지각적신경기출。구체이언,대특이우음악지각가공적량개층급,음정분석화결구분석적신경기출진행료분석,병재차기출상대비료삼여량개층급가공적뇌구。결과발현,음정분석주요적격활분포재쌍측섭상회화우측액하회,재중앙전회、각회화뇌도등뇌구야유분포。음정분석재섭상회격활최다,가능표명섭상회위음정분석적핵심구역。결구분석격활분포교엄,주요격활섭상회、섭횡회화전액협구역,차외,환격활료하정협、연상회화설회등정침구역。결구분석재전액협격활최다,가능표명전액협위결구분석적핵심구역。최후,대비량층급격활적뇌구발현,이자부재후측섭상회존재착중합,이재절대부분뇌구칙표현출분리,저암시료음정분석화결구분석통과섭상회진행교류,병부책음악불동층면적가공。
Music is part of the human nature. Music perception involves a series of hierarchical processing levels, including auditory feature extraction, gestalt formation, interval analysis, and structure analysis. Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） studies have identified multiple cortical regions involved in different levels of music perception, but these studies yielded inconsistent findings possibly because different research paradigms and data analysis methods were used. Therefore, the neural mechanism underlying music perception is unclear. In this study we performed a meta-analysis to identify brain regions stably recruited by music perception. Specially, we focused on two processing levels specific to music perception, which were interval analysis and structure analysis. In addition, to explore the hierarchical structure of music perception, we examined the possible overlapping and dissociation of the regions involved in interval analysis and structure analysis. We used meta-analysis approach to re-analyze results from fMRI studies on interval analysis and structure analysis. There were eight studies on interval analysis which included 15 contrasts and 63 peaks, and ten studies on structure analysis which included 19 contrasts and 217 peaks. The coordinates of peak voxels reported in these studies were projected onto a brain template to visualize the distributions of activations recruited by interval analysis and structure analysis respectively. To identify brain regions stably activated by music perception, peaks of each analysis level were segregated into a number of spatially distinct clusters, using a hierarchical classification algorithm that minimized the spatial extent within each cluster while maximizing the peak-to-peak distance between clusters. Then, we calculated mean coordinates for each cluster in the MNI space and used FSL View procedure to identify the anatomical label of each cluster. Finally, to explore whether clusters belonging to the two analysis levels were spatially overlapped or dissociated, we examined the pairs of clusters with distances less than 7mm （about 3 voxels） by K-means clustering. The meta-analysis identified 12 clusters for interval analysis and 29 clusters for structure analysis. Clusters for interval analysis primarily localized in the superior temporal gyrus （STG） with the peaks distribution rate （PDR）being 43%, while clusters for structure analysis mainly localized in the prefrontal cortex with a PDR of 34%. Although both interval analysis and structure analysis involved frontal, temporal, parietal and insular areas, their activations overlapped only in the posterior portion of the superior temporal gyrus （STGp）. In sum, the meta-analysis suggests that interval analysis and structure analysis are two separate processing levels in the hierarchical structure of music perception, with largely dissociated neural activations. In addition, the two analysis levels intersected only in STGp, which might play a role in information exchanges between interval analysis and structure analysis. Thus, our study provides clues for future researches on neural basis underlying hierarchical structure of music perception.