CAJ | 학술논문

中国社会的变迁与发展以及由此引发的外部环境的变化对村庄内部治理产生了多重影响。新中国成立以来,中国传统乡村社会历经了人民公社、乡镇企业、乡政村治等不同的制度变革阶段。在当下,村庄自身为了顺应社会形势和潮流的变化,其内部的治理结构与形式也发生着改变,村庄治理由原先的高度集权化和行政化的传统集体化时代,逐步转向顺应市场经济要求,注重多元管理主体、多重管理手段和多样化的产权安排的新集体化时代。新集体化时期强调村级集体经济对于村庄的多重构建,其特征在资源较为丰富的乡村（村庄）得到较为明显的体现,这与传统集体化时期村庄治理模式有着较大的差异性,从而形成了新的村庄治理模式,即村庄的经营性治理模式。这种治理模式将企业的管理方式与手段嫁接于村庄治理之中,将企业经营的理念与营运方式运用于村庄经营,使得村庄的治理更为高效与有序。
중국사회적변천여발전이급유차인발적외부배경적변화대촌장내부치리산생료다중영향。신중국성립이래,중국전통향촌사회력경료인민공사、향진기업、향정촌치등불동적제도변혁계단。재당하,촌장자신위료순응사회형세화조류적변화,기내부적치리결구여형식야발생착개변,촌장치이유원선적고도집권화화행정화적전통집체화시대,축보전향순응시장경제요구,주중다원관리주체、다중관리수단화다양화적산권안배적신집체화시대。신집체화시기강조촌급집체경제대우촌장적다중구건,기특정재자원교위봉부적향촌（촌장）득도교위명현적체현,저여전통집체화시기촌장치리모식유착교대적차이성,종이형성료신적촌장치리모식,즉촌장적경영성치리모식。저충치리모식장기업적관리방식여수단가접우촌장치리지중,장기업경영적이념여영운방식운용우촌장경영,사득촌장적치리경위고효여유서。
The social roots now appeared to be different alongside with the changes of external overall environment which has a marked impact on traditional rural community.The rapid progress related to the social order and external society was made in the divestiture of State power from rural area.The market economy has taken shape initially after the country underwent the people＇s commune and the collectivization of township enterprises,which has dramatically improved the rural collective economic organizations.Modern enterprise mode appeared accordingly,which also shows the coming of new collective form.Nowadays,in rural areas,signing contracts to close a deal is becoming more popular.Meanwhile,the traditional country customs will become the heritage.The new mode and the traditional one work together very well for their mutual benefit and progress.This research,based on Jiuxing village,the typical type of rural community,aims to continually research the development progress,the mutual influence of the internal modern contract mode and the traditional country customs within rural community in the time of the collectivization of township enterprises,which displays the present situation of the current rural community in China.