CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解上海市儿童在校期间身体活动状态的内容、形式、时间和空间状况特征，以期为提高“每天一小时校园体育活动”质量提供参考依据。方法：采取分层抽样方法在上海16个区县905所小学中，随机抽取20所小学1～5年级20名学生（男、女生各10名），对学生从早晨进校到放学出校期间各身体活动状态进行观察、记录，并用网络记动器进行测定。结果：上海市小学生一天校园身体活动状态的内容结构不合理，久坐少动现象突出，且随着年级的递增，跑的比例逐渐递减；走、站、跑的比例中郊区高于中心市区、男生高于女生；其身体活动时间已达到“一小时”，但身体活动质量不高，全天校园身体活动中跑、跳的比例分别为7．21％、2．33％，且每次跑、跳的持续时间均以1min和2min居多；在空间上呈内圈-教室、中圈-楼道、外圈-操场3个层次，且身体活动的量和强度随着圈层的扩大而增加。结论：针对上海市儿童学校身体活动特征，建议以保证身体活动的时间和强度为重点，合理利用学校现有资源提高儿童学校身体活动质量。
목적：료해상해시인동재교기간신체활동상태적내용、형식、시간화공간상황특정，이기위제고“매천일소시교완체육활동”질량제공삼고의거。방법：채취분층추양방법재상해16개구현905소소학중，수궤추취20소소학1～5년급20명학생（남、녀생각10명），대학생종조신진교도방학출교기간각신체활동상태진행관찰、기록，병용망락기동기진행측정。결과：상해시소학생일천교완신체활동상태적내용결구불합리，구좌소동현상돌출，차수착년급적체증，포적비례축점체감；주、참、포적비례중교구고우중심시구、남생고우녀생；기신체활동시간이체도“일소시”，단신체활동질량불고，전천교완신체활동중포、도적비례분별위7．21％、2．33％，차매차포、도적지속시간균이1min화2min거다；재공간상정내권-교실、중권-루도、외권-조장3개층차，차신체활동적량화강도수착권층적확대이증가。결론：침대상해시인동학교신체활동특정，건의이보증신체활동적시간화강도위중점，합리이용학교현유자원제고인동학교신체활동질량。
Objective： This study intends to master a thorough knowledge of the contents, forms, temporal and spatial situation and features of children＇s body movement in school in one day, so as to provide reference for improving the quality of program ＂One Hour＇s School Sports Activities Per Day＂. Methods： Through stratified sampling, samples of 20 students in which males and females axe randomly selected in 905 primary schools of 16 districts in Shanghai. The ob- servation and records start from early in the morning when class begins to the students＇ departure from school in the eve- ning, covering all children＇s body movements. And the results axe measured by network pedometer. Results： The con- tent structure of Shanghai children＇s body movement states in school in one day is unreasonable. The outstanding phe- nomenon is that they always sit for a long time and lack movement. The frequency of running decreases with the in- crease of the grade. For the percentage of walking, standing and running, the students in suburbs axe higher than those in urban areas; males are higher than females. Although the time children spent in activities has reached to ＂one hour＂, the quality of their physical activity is low. As for the children＇s body movement in school in one day, the per- centage of running and jumping is 7.21% and 2.33% respectively. At the same time, running and jumping mostly last for only one and two minutes. The spatial range of pupils＇ physical activities presents three levels, that is, internal cir- cle-classroom, center circle-corridor, outer circle-playground. The amount and intensity of physical activity increase ac- cording to the expansion of the circle. Conclusion： According to Shanghai children＇ body movement in school, the focus should be on ensuring the time and intensity of children＇s body movement, as well as the rational use of school＇s availa- ble resources to improve the quality of children＇s body movement.