CAJ | 학술논문

内蒙古额济纳旗境内的黑河下游河段当地人称之为额济纳河。该河是额济纳蒙古族赖以生存的生命线。自20世纪50年代开始,黑河下泄水量减少,生态环境开始恶化,额济纳蒙古族生产方式也开始转变。笔者通过社会问卷调查和相关统计数据分析发现,近50年以来,由于黑河下泄水量的不断减少和政策影响导致额济纳蒙古族生产方式发生了重大变化。由1958年以前的传统游牧生产方式转变成2000年以后以灌溉为主的农业、以舍饲圈养为主的畜牧业和服务业为辅的综合生产方式。
내몽고액제납기경내적흑하하유하단당지인칭지위액제납하。해하시액제납몽고족뢰이생존적생명선。자20세기50년대개시,흑하하설수량감소,생태배경개시악화,액제납몽고족생산방식야개시전변。필자통과사회문권조사화상관통계수거분석발현,근50년이래,유우흑하하설수량적불단감소화정책영향도치액제납몽고족생산방식발생료중대변화。유1958년이전적전통유목생산방식전변성2000년이후이관개위주적농업、이사사권양위주적축목업화복무업위보적종합생산방식。
Ejina river is the lower reaches of Heihe river which is the second largest inland river in China. It is the lifeline of the local resident. Since 1950s, short of Heihe river releasing water, the ecological environment became worse and the lifestyle of Ejina Mongolians began to transfer. In this article, it found that because of the reduction of Heihe river releasing water and policy influence, Ejina Mongolians lifestyle changed by three steps through social survey and relevant statistical data： Before 1958, it was the traditional nomadic lifestyle; From 1959 to 2000,combination of agriculture and husbandry; After 2000, agriculture is the main production way, husbandry and the service are the supplemental production.