CAJ | 학술논문

文质之辩是儒家政治哲学中心议题之一。孔子明确以＂与文＂＂尚质＂之微妙方式探寻丈质中和之道。董仲舒继承这一主题，并在政治哲学领域将之自觉展开，力倡“文德为贵”“任德不任刑”，为儒家文治、德政主张寻求天道观和经典论说的支持。在强调“质文两备”的前提下，更突出“先质后文”“承周丈而反之质”的时代文化精神走向和政治变革要领。董子更进一步提出“三代改制质丈”说，指出文质更替或忠、敬、文演替是主导历代文化精神特别是政教原则变化的核心法则。董子文质论对理解儒家政治哲学和人类政治生活本质都有重要启示意义。
문질지변시유가정치철학중심의제지일。공자명학이＂여문＂＂상질＂지미묘방식탐심장질중화지도。동중서계승저일주제，병재정치철학영역장지자각전개，력창“문덕위귀”“임덕불임형”，위유가문치、덕정주장심구천도관화경전논설적지지。재강조“질문량비”적전제하，경돌출“선질후문”“승주장이반지질”적시대문화정신주향화정치변혁요령。동자경진일보제출“삼대개제질장”설，지출문질경체혹충、경、문연체시주도역대문화정신특별시정교원칙변화적핵심법칙。동자문질론대리해유가정치철학화인류정치생활본질도유중요계시의의。
The debate on outer form and inner substance is one of the central issues of Confucian political philosophy. Confucius, seek the neutralization of outer form and inner substance delicately by approving of outer form and paying attention to inner substance. Dong Zhongshu inherited the theme and consciously developed it in the field of political philosophy, strongly advocated the ideas that ＂the outer form is valuable＂, ＂virtue is prior to penalty＂, seeking support in the theory of Tiandao and Confucian classics for the proposal of the Confucian school on government by civilians and benevolent rule. Meanwhile, he gave great premium on ＂inner substance before outer form＂ under the premise of having both outer form and inner substance, pointing out that it is the cultural spirit of the age and essentials of political change to ＂return to inner substance against ZhouWen （Civilization of Zhou Dynasty）＂. Dong Zhongshu further proposed the theory of＂the three dynasties changed regulations from outer form to inner substance＂, indicating that the replacement of out form and inner substance, or the replacement of loyalty, respect and inner substance was the core principles which dominated the cultural spirit of different generations, especially the change of politics and religion principles. Dong＇s theory had great significance to the understanding of Confucian political philosophy and human political essence.