CAJ | 학술논문

采用追踪设计，以948名初中和高中学生为被试，在考察早中期青少年对教育和职业领域的未来规划发展特点的基础上，探讨了父母教养行为对青少年未来规划的预测作用以及青少年行为自主在其中的中介效应。结果表明：（1）在两次测量中，中期青少年的教育探索水平增长，早期青少年的教育探索变化不显著；早期青少年的职业探索和投入水平均高于中期青少年。（2）父母的接纳／参与能正向预测青少年当时及以后对教育和职业的探索和投入；父母的严厉／监督仅能正向预测青少年当时的教育探索和投入。（3）行为自主在父母的接纳／参与对青少年未来规划的预测中起部分中介效应。
채용추종설계，이948명초중화고중학생위피시，재고찰조중기청소년대교육화직업영역적미래규화발전특점적기출상，탐토료부모교양행위대청소년미래규화적예측작용이급청소년행위자주재기중적중개효응。결과표명：（1）재량차측량중，중기청소년적교육탐색수평증장，조기청소년적교육탐색변화불현저；조기청소년적직업탐색화투입수평균고우중기청소년。（2）부모적접납／삼여능정향예측청소년당시급이후대교육화직업적탐색화투입；부모적엄려／감독부능정향예측청소년당시적교육탐색화투입。（3）행위자주재부모적접납／삼여대청소년미래규화적예측중기부분중개효응。
An important feature of individuals＇ thinking and behavior is that they are future-oriented. Future planning, a process that involves constructing plans and realizing these plans, has been extensively studied by researchers according to two dimensions, i.e., exploration and commitment. Literature indicates that future planning is particularly important for many aspects of adolescents＇ current and later adjustment. In recent years, with the inspiration of the notions of Developmental Contextualism, researchers have become increasingly interested in adolescents＇ future planning in specific cultural and/or social contexts, especially in those contemporary societies with rapid social and economic changes. However, the overwhelming majority of the research in this area was conducted in Western cultures and research on how contemporary Chinese adolescents plan for their future has been rare. Methodologically, existing research findings were mainly based on studies of cross-sectional design, resulting in very limited information available about the developmental changes of future planning with age. Besides, family is the more proximal context that is salient for adolescents＇ development, in what ways that parenting behaviors influence adolescents＇ future planning and whether the associations between parenting and future planning are mediated by individual characteristics such as autonomy are important questions of interest. The present study was designed to examine the development of future planning, the concurrent and longitudinal relationships between future planning and parenting behaviors, and the possible mediating role of behavioral autonomy in the associations with a sample of Chinese adolescents. Using a short-term longitudinal design, a total of 948 adolescents （499 males, 449 females） of grades 8 and 10 attending junior and senior high schools respectively in Shandong province of China were investigated during a period of one and a half years. At Time 1, those adolescents completed a series of questionnaires assessing future planning （i.e., exploration and commitment） concerning education and occupation, parenting behaviors （i.e., acceptance/involvement and strictness/supervision）, and behavioral autonomy. A year and a half later, at time 2, they completed the future planning questionnaire again. The main findings were as follows：（1） the developmental patterns of future planning for education and occupation varied between early and middle adolescents. While middle adolescents reported increased exploration for education with age, no significant changes were observed for early adolescents. Both early and middle adolescents reported no significant changes in their commitment to future education, and their exploration for and commitment to future occupation between Time 1 and Time 2. Early adolescents reported more exploration for and commitment to occupation than middle adolescents at both Time 1 and Time 2. （2） At Time 1, for both early and middle adolescents, parental acceptance/involvement was strongly associated with future planning （exploration and commitment） concerning education and occupation in a positive way, whereas parental strictness/supervision only positively predicted adolescent exploration for and commitment to future education. Even after controlling for future planning at Time 1, parental acceptance/involvement still positively predicted future planning concerning education and occupation at Time 2; parental strictness/supervision did not predict adolescent future planning longitudinally. （3） Adolescents＇ behavioral autonomy served to partially mediate the concurrent and longitudinal associations planning concerning education and occupation. between parental acceptance/involvement and future The results demonstrated that the development of Chinese adolescents＇ future planning was shaped by the specific culture and age-graded tasks, which further supports the notion that future planning is the process of socialization.