教学与研究
教學與研究
교학여연구
Teaching and Research
2013年
6期
69~79
,共null页
中等收入陷阱 东亚奇迹 拉美模式 可持续增长
中等收入陷阱 東亞奇跡 拉美模式 可持續增長
중등수입함정 동아기적 랍미모식 가지속증장
the middle-income trap;the East Asian miracle ; the Latin American model;sustain-able growth
经过几十年的发展,中国经济快速增长,并已经成为一个中等收入国家,如何使增长可持续,或者说不陷入“中等收入陷阱”就成为重要的议题。拉美作为较早开始工业化的地区,在一段时期内,经济快速增长,人民收入水平得到了很大的提高,但是自20世纪80年代债务危机爆发拉美经历了“失去的十年”以来,经济增长减速,大部分国家没能进入高收入行列。而自20世纪50年代以来开始工业化进程的东亚地区,不仅取得了快速的经济增长,也成功进入到高收入行列。比较东亚和拉美的经验与教训,对中国的经济如何实现可持续发展具有一定的借鉴意义。
經過幾十年的髮展,中國經濟快速增長,併已經成為一箇中等收入國傢,如何使增長可持續,或者說不陷入“中等收入陷阱”就成為重要的議題。拉美作為較早開始工業化的地區,在一段時期內,經濟快速增長,人民收入水平得到瞭很大的提高,但是自20世紀80年代債務危機爆髮拉美經歷瞭“失去的十年”以來,經濟增長減速,大部分國傢沒能進入高收入行列。而自20世紀50年代以來開始工業化進程的東亞地區,不僅取得瞭快速的經濟增長,也成功進入到高收入行列。比較東亞和拉美的經驗與教訓,對中國的經濟如何實現可持續髮展具有一定的藉鑒意義。
경과궤십년적발전,중국경제쾌속증장,병이경성위일개중등수입국가,여하사증장가지속,혹자설불함입“중등수입함정”취성위중요적의제。랍미작위교조개시공업화적지구,재일단시기내,경제쾌속증장,인민수입수평득도료흔대적제고,단시자20세기80년대채무위궤폭발랍미경력료“실거적십년”이래,경제증장감속,대부분국가몰능진입고수입행렬。이자20세기50년대이래개시공업화진정적동아지구,불부취득료쾌속적경제증장,야성공진입도고수입행렬。비교동아화랍미적경험여교훈,대중국적경제여하실현가지속발전구유일정적차감의의。
After decades of development, China has been growing fast economically; it has be- come a middle-income nation. How to make this growth sustainable,or rather,how can the mid- dle-income trap be avoided? This is a question plaguing most of us. Latin America started indus- trializing itself early compared with other parts of the world. For quite a long time, its economy grew rapidly,bringing up ordinary people's incomes. However, since the beginning of the "Lost Decade" triggered by the region's debt crisis in the 1980s, the Latin American economy has slowed down a lot,barring most countries of the region from joining the high-income ranks. In contrast, the East Asian region, which started its process of industrialization in the 1950s,has achieved both a rapid rise to prosperity and income growth. Hence, it would be in China's own interest to study the merits and demerits of East Asian and Latin American experiences.