考古与文物
攷古與文物
고고여문물
Archaeology and Cultural Relics
2013年
3期
101~102
,共null页
内史亳觚 酒酸 西周王号 生称
內史亳觚 酒痠 西週王號 生稱
내사박고 주산 서주왕호 생칭
Gu trade by Neishi（interior scribe） Bo; Ruined sweet wine; Posthumous names of Western Zhou; Kings honored names used before death
内史亳觚铭记成王赐内史亳酒醴以用于裸祭，且铭中有“弗敢虒”字祥。所谓“弗敢厩”，即不敢懈怠废事。由于酒醴长期放置会酸败不堪用，结合文献所载古代帝王崩逝后的停殡之期，因此，可以推测，内史亳在受赐之后宜于及时用裸，而不可能在成王生前受酒醴赐，而用裸却在成王崩薨将葬得谥之后。综上，说觚铭中的“成王”为生称可无疑。
內史亳觚銘記成王賜內史亳酒醴以用于裸祭，且銘中有“弗敢虒”字祥。所謂“弗敢廄”，即不敢懈怠廢事。由于酒醴長期放置會痠敗不堪用，結閤文獻所載古代帝王崩逝後的停殯之期，因此，可以推測，內史亳在受賜之後宜于及時用裸，而不可能在成王生前受酒醴賜，而用裸卻在成王崩薨將葬得謚之後。綜上，說觚銘中的“成王”為生稱可無疑。
내사박고명기성왕사내사박주례이용우라제，차명중유“불감사”자상。소위“불감구”，즉불감해태폐사。유우주례장기방치회산패불감용，결합문헌소재고대제왕붕서후적정빈지기，인차，가이추측，내사박재수사지후의우급시용라，이불가능재성왕생전수주례사，이용라각재성왕붕훙장장득시지후。종상，설고명중적“성왕”위생칭가무의。
The inscriptions on the Gu made by Neishi （interior scribe）Bo record the Zhou King of Cheng bestowed sweet wine on Bo for a guan sacrifice, and then Bo responded ＇fu nan si＇. The so-called ‘fu gang si＇ means Bo never felt afraid of keeping a slack hand, By juxtaposing the fact that sweet wine could not be kept for a tong time and in combination with the duration of funeral and follow-up memorial rituals of ancient menarchies mentioned in texts, we speculate that, as guan had to be sacrificed aider the death of the King and the wine had to be consumed shortly aider the bestowal, Bo could not be bestowed preceding the King＇ s death. In other words, the so-called posthumous name of King Cheng should have been used when the King was alive.
