CAJ | 학술논문

文章利用2000!2010年西部地区的面板数据,从旅游流量及旅游构成两个方面对旅游发展与西部地区贫困减缓的关系进行了实证研究。研究发现：（1）旅游流量与贫困减缓之间呈＂U＂形曲线关系,存在门槛效应,只有越过门槛值,旅游流量对贫困减缓才会产生积极作用;游客平均停留天数及旅游收入对西部地区贫困减缓有显著正向影响;国内旅游比入境旅游对西部地区贫困减缓效果更显著;吃、住、行、游和娱乐对西部地区贫困减缓有积极的促进作用,但旅游购物与当地贫困减缓之间却存在负向关联。（2）同时,实证数据也证实了持续的经济发展是西部地区贫困减缓最为稳健的动力和源泉。（3）最后对发现结果进行分析并提出相应的政策建议。
문장이용2000!2010년서부지구적면판수거,종여유류량급여유구성량개방면대여유발전여서부지구빈곤감완적관계진행료실증연구。연구발현：（1）여유류량여빈곤감완지간정＂U＂형곡선관계,존재문함효응,지유월과문함치,여유류량대빈곤감완재회산생적겁작용;유객평균정류천수급여유수입대서부지구빈곤감완유현저정향영향;국내여유비입경여유대서부지구빈곤감완효과경현저;흘、주、행、유화오악대서부지구빈곤감완유적겁적촉진작용,단여유구물여당지빈곤감완지간각존재부향관련。（2）동시,실증수거야증실료지속적경제발전시서부지구빈곤감완최위은건적동력화원천。（3）최후대발현결과진행분석병제출상응적정책건의。
The western region is the poorest area of China, and much needs to be done to lift poorer families in the region out of poverty. The western region is an area of natural beauty and it possesses rich tourism resources. Therefore, it has an intrinsic comparative advantage and it can exploit its tourism potential to build a path out of poverty. Based on data from the western region between 2000 and 2010, and from the Computable General Equilibrium （CGE） , this paper investigates the relationship between tourism development and poverty alleviation by focusing on tourist flow and composition. The main conclusions are as follows： 1 ） There is a distinct U-shaped curve relationship, which is known as the threshold effect, between tourist flow and poverty reduction in China＇ s western region. Below the threshold value, there is a negative relationship between tourist flow and poverty reduction. Only on crossing the threshold does the tourist traffic have a positive effect on poverty alleviation. 2） The tourist average length of stay and the income from tourism both contribute to poverty reduction in the western area. The longer tourists stay, the more they spend on food, accommodation, transportation, travel, shopping, and entertainment. Thus, longer stays impact positively on the disposable income of poorer local people. Moreover, the higher the overall income from tourism, the greater the local remuneration of those employed in the tourism industry is and the greater local government revenues are. This leads to increased transfer payments and welfare expenditure for the poor, and thus contributes to reducing local poverty. 3） Domestic tourism has a larger positive impact on poverty elimination than inbound tourism. One explanation for this is that domestic tourists visit a greater number of scenic spots and/or stay longer in the western region. Inbound tourists mainly visit a small number of high-profile attractions, and/or stay a shorter time in the area, which results in insufficient tourism flows to poverty-stricken areas. 4） Food, accommodation, transportation, travel and entertainment can reduce poverty, but the association between tourist shopping expenditure and poverty alleviation is negative. Tourist shopping may contribute to local economy growth, but may not necessarily impact directly on local poor people. On the contrary, it may deepen the polarization, and so worsen the situation whereby the poor get poorer and the rich get richer. 5 ） The study data also shows that sustainable economic development is the most robust driving force for eliminating poverty in the western region. To realize the goal of poverty reduction the western region should focus on strengthening the relationship between the tourism industry, local leading industries and local people to promote the growth of the local economy. 6） We analyze the findings and propose appropriate policy recommendations. For example, to fully exploit the local characteristics and resources and to increase revenue from tourism, the western region should implement strategic plans, invest in tourism marketing and promotion, and encourage tourists to stay longer and to spend more.