CAJ | 학술논문

文章运用社会网络分析方法,以长三角16个地级城市为节点,构建了世博会客流向长三角区域空间扩散的网络,并对网络的整体特征和节点特征进行评价,分析了每个城市的集聚、中转和扩散客流的能力。网络的整体密度是0.2583,整体旅游流互动不明显,网络直径是4,旅游者至多在旅游线路中安排4个旅游城市。上海、苏州、杭州等节点城市在世博会客流空间扩散网络中处于竞争优势,对客流的虹吸效应较强。上海、苏州、杭州的集聚、中转、扩散能力最强,在网络中位于核心;南京、无锡、嘉兴的集聚、中转、扩散客流能力次之,是次级核心节点城市;常州、宁波、绍兴、扬州、镇江等城市是次级边缘节点城市;湖州是孤岛型城市,其余城市为边缘节点城市。受空间距离、旅游地资源、旅游地旅游发展情况等影响,长三角城市在接受世博会客流的空间扩散的效应中呈现一定的差异。从长三角区域整体来说,上海世博会对旅游客流的集聚效应要强于其对周边地区的空间辐射效应。
문장운용사회망락분석방법,이장삼각16개지급성시위절점,구건료세박회객류향장삼각구역공간확산적망락,병대망락적정체특정화절점특정진행평개,분석료매개성시적집취、중전화확산객류적능력。망락적정체밀도시0.2583,정체여유류호동불명현,망락직경시4,여유자지다재여유선로중안배4개여유성시。상해、소주、항주등절점성시재세박회객류공간확산망락중처우경쟁우세,대객류적홍흡효응교강。상해、소주、항주적집취、중전、확산능력최강,재망락중위우핵심;남경、무석、가흥적집취、중전、확산객류능력차지,시차급핵심절점성시;상주、저파、소흥、양주、진강등성시시차급변연절점성시;호주시고도형성시,기여성시위변연절점성시。수공간거리、여유지자원、여유지여유발전정황등영향,장삼각성시재접수세박회객류적공간확산적효응중정현일정적차이。종장삼각구역정체래설,상해세박회대여유객류적집취효응요강우기대주변지구적공간복사효응。
This paper examines 16 cities that serve as tourist nodes in the Yangtze River Delta. It is based on a social network analysis method that forms a spatial diffusion network, evaluates the network＇ s whole and node characteristics, and analyzes each city＇ s ability to cluster, diffuse and transfer the tourist flow of the Shanghai World Expo. The tourist flow data were obtained through a questionnaire survey that was conducted during the Shanghai World Expo. In addition, data have also been gathered through a search of the network travel notes. This paper required that the tourist＇ s route contain two or more cities in the Yangtze River Delta; from this we received 167 valid questionnaires and 41 valid network travel notes. The tourist flow data are constructed in two matrices that contain the flow direction and flow vector. However, a QAP correlation analysis shows that the two tourist flow matrices that are based on two types of data have a positive correlation. Therefore, the two matrices were merged and then binarized. In addition, this research built a tourism network schematic diagram of the Yangtze River Delta. Meanwhile, it evaluates the structure of overall network by density and diameter. It also evaluates the node city＇s ability to cluster, diffuse and transfer the tourist flow by degree of centrality, and between centrality and close centrality. The node city＇s competitive advantage in the network is evaluated by structure hole. The results show that the overall density of the tourist flow network is 0. 2583, which means that the whole tourism flow interaction is not obvious. Meanwhile, the network diameter is 4, which means that most tourists arranged four cities on their tourist route. Some node cities （such as Shanghai, Suzhou, and Hangzhou） were found to have had a competitive advantage in the Shanghai World Expo tourist spatial diffusion network and their siphon effect on tourist flow is strong. Therefore, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Suzhou are located in the core of the network and have a powerful function of clustering, diffusing and transferring tourist flows. Nanjing, Wuxi, Jiaxing are sub-core node cities that have weaker functions of clustering, diffusing and transferring of the tourist flow. Changzhou, Ningbo, Shaoxing, Yangzhou and Zhenjiang are secondary edge node cities. Huzhou is an isolated city. The other cities are edge node cities in the Yangtze River Delta. In contrast to Gao＇ s （2008） work on the tourist flow network in the Yangtze River Delta, we have found that the tourism spatial radiation effect of the Shanghai World Expo on the node city has certain differences in the Yangtze River Delta; for example, they are affected by spatial distance, tourism resources, and tourism development. The Shanghai World Expo enhanced the capability of gathering tourist flow in Shanghai city, whose status is more prominent as the polar nucleus. However, the radiation effect that Suzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing received is not obvious. The tourist flow diffused from Shanghai was less than that inputted to Shanghai from these cities. Meanwhile, Wuxi, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Nantong, Taizhou received an obvious positive radiation effect. The other cities suffered a negative radiation effect from the Shanghai World Expo. Taking the Yangtze River Delta as a whole, the agglomeration effect on tourist flow of the Shanghai World Expo is shown to be stronger than its spatial radiation effect on surrounding areas.