CAJ | 학술논문

合同与交易是现代社会最常见的现象,生产是各个经济流派的基本概念。这三个概念并不完全等同,而是存在一个递进的关系。文章首先分析基本的合同类型,涉及产品合同、服务合同与雇佣合同,然后分析基本的交易类型,涉及产品交易、服务交易、雇佣交易、货币交易与货币转移。最后,在此基础上,提出以合同与交易为基础的生产理论,作为国民经济核算的基础。文章提出的关键命题是：合同活动不一定是交易活动,交易活动一定是合同活动;交易活动不一定是生产活动,生产活动一定是交易活动。
합동여교역시현대사회최상견적현상,생산시각개경제류파적기본개념。저삼개개념병불완전등동,이시존재일개체진적관계。문장수선분석기본적합동류형,섭급산품합동、복무합동여고용합동,연후분석기본적교역류형,섭급산품교역、복무교역、고용교역、화폐교역여화폐전이。최후,재차기출상,제출이합동여교역위기출적생산이론,작위국민경제핵산적기출。문장제출적관건명제시：합동활동불일정시교역활동,교역활동일정시합동활동;교역활동불일정시생산활동,생산활동일정시교역활동。
Contract activity, transaction activity and production are common things in modem society. There is a progressive relationship among the three concepts. The paper analyzes basic types of contracts, including product contract, service contract and employment contract. And, the paper analyses basic types of transactions, including product transaction, service transaction, employment transaction, money transaction and money transfer. Then, the paper proposes production theory based on contract activity and transaction activity. The paper proposes the key proposition： contract does not necessarily belong to transaction, transaction must belong to contract; transaction does not necessarily belong to production, production must belong to transaction.