中国海洋大学学报:社会科学版
中國海洋大學學報:社會科學版
중국해양대학학보:사회과학판
Journal of Ocean University of China
2013年
3期
23~27
,共null页
海域使用权 权利抵押权 抵押登记 抵押权实现
海域使用權 權利牴押權 牴押登記 牴押權實現
해역사용권 권리저압권 저압등기 저압권실현
right to use sea areas; right hypothec; mortgage registration; hypothec realization
海域使用权在现有法律体系中作为一类新兴用益物权,在其上设定的担保属于权利抵押。海域使用权抵押担保可以优化资源配置,最大限度地实现海域使用效益最大化,符合法律经济学原理。目前,我国海域使用权抵押担保尚处于摸索阶段,在立法上不仅层级不高,而且规定过于原则,在实践层面缺乏专业的海域价值评估机构和评估标准。而二级海域流转市场不甚发达,海域使用权抵押实现受阻,且常与相邻涉海权利发生冲突,也影响了海域使用权抵押担保融资功能的发挥。为此,我国应该尽快完善立法,实行统一的海域使用权抵押登记制度,设立专业的第三方评估机构,确定不同类型的海域使用权价值评估标准,建立流转市场的服务平台,协调好与其他涉海权利的关系,完善海域使用权抵押实现方式,以促进海域使用权抵押担保的发展。
海域使用權在現有法律體繫中作為一類新興用益物權,在其上設定的擔保屬于權利牴押。海域使用權牴押擔保可以優化資源配置,最大限度地實現海域使用效益最大化,符閤法律經濟學原理。目前,我國海域使用權牴押擔保尚處于摸索階段,在立法上不僅層級不高,而且規定過于原則,在實踐層麵缺乏專業的海域價值評估機構和評估標準。而二級海域流轉市場不甚髮達,海域使用權牴押實現受阻,且常與相鄰涉海權利髮生遲突,也影響瞭海域使用權牴押擔保融資功能的髮揮。為此,我國應該儘快完善立法,實行統一的海域使用權牴押登記製度,設立專業的第三方評估機構,確定不同類型的海域使用權價值評估標準,建立流轉市場的服務平檯,協調好與其他涉海權利的關繫,完善海域使用權牴押實現方式,以促進海域使用權牴押擔保的髮展。
해역사용권재현유법률체계중작위일류신흥용익물권,재기상설정적담보속우권리저압。해역사용권저압담보가이우화자원배치,최대한도지실현해역사용효익최대화,부합법률경제학원리。목전,아국해역사용권저압담보상처우모색계단,재입법상불부층급불고,이차규정과우원칙,재실천층면결핍전업적해역개치평고궤구화평고표준。이이급해역류전시장불심발체,해역사용권저압실현수조,차상여상린섭해권리발생충돌,야영향료해역사용권저압담보융자공능적발휘。위차,아국응해진쾌완선입법,실행통일적해역사용권저압등기제도,설립전업적제삼방평고궤구,학정불동류형적해역사용권개치평고표준,건립류전시장적복무평태,협조호여기타섭해권리적관계,완선해역사용권저압실현방식,이촉진해역사용권저압담보적발전。
Under the current legal system of China, the right to use sea areas is a kind of emerging usufructuary right, on which the guarantee set is right mortgage. Mortgage of the right to use sea areas can optimize the configuration of natural resources and maximize the benefit, which is in agreement with the principles of legal economics. At present, the right to use sea areas is still in the attempting stage. At the legislative level, the hierarchy is low and regulations are too principled. In practice, there are no profes- sional value assessment agencies and assessment standards. Secondary ocean circulation market is not very developed, and the realization of mortgage is difficult. What is more, the right to use sea areas often con- flicts with other adjacent marine rights, which seriously affects the financing function of mortgage. There- fore, our country should perfect the legislation as soon as possible to establish a unified system about the mortgage registration. At the same time, the professional appraisal institution as the third party, the dif- ferent types of evaluation standards and the circulation market of service platform should be established. Coordinating all the marine rights relations and perfecting ways of realizing mortgage right can promote the development of hypothec on the right to use sea areas.