CAJ | 학술논문

内生经济增长理论向来关注技术进步对经济增长的贡献,但现代研究却普遍忽视技术进步对异质性要素发展可能产生的偏向性影响,特别是技术进步能否呈现技能偏向性并引致不同类型劳动者报酬分化问题。本文利用双层嵌套型CES生产函数和非线性似不相关方法估计中国技能溢价水平,研究发现我国资本和劳动替代弹性小于1而技能和非技能劳动替代弹性大于1,技术进步偏向性及技能和非技能劳动的替代效应明显,利用技术进步偏向性模型模拟的数据与真实值无明显差异,印证技能溢价源于偏向型技术进步且偏向性效应不断强化。同时,回归方法检验结果也发现,技术进步偏向性对技能溢价正向效应显著,验证出我国技能溢价现象主要源于技术进步偏向性作用的结果。
내생경제증장이론향래관주기술진보대경제증장적공헌,단현대연구각보편홀시기술진보대이질성요소발전가능산생적편향성영향,특별시기술진보능부정현기능편향성병인치불동류형노동자보수분화문제。본문이용쌍층감투형CES생산함수화비선성사불상관방법고계중국기능일개수평,연구발현아국자본화노동체대탄성소우1이기능화비기능노동체대탄성대우1,기술진보편향성급기능화비기능노동적체대효응명현,이용기술진보편향성모형모의적수거여진실치무명현차이,인증기능일개원우편향형기술진보차편향성효응불단강화。동시,회귀방법검험결과야발현,기술진보편향성대기능일개정향효응현저,험증출아국기능일개현상주요원우기술진보편향성작용적결과。
Endogenous economic growth theory has always been concerned about the contribution of technological change to the economic growth. But modern research has generally ignored the impact of the biased effect of technical change on factors, particularly whether technological change is skill biased and lead to different types of workers compensation differentiation. In this paper, two level CES function and standardization system nonlinear seemingly unrelated regression are utilized to estimate skill premium in China. It shows that the substitution elasticity of capital and labor in China is less than one, but the substitution elasticity of skilled labor and unskilled labor stays more than one, which means technological change appears biased and the substitution effect of skilled and unskilled labor is obvious. There is no significant difference between the real situation and the one estimated by technological change biased model, which confirms skill premium is the result of skill-biased technological change. And the biased effect is increasing. Meanwhile, the regression test results also find that skill-biased technological change has a significant positive effect on the skill premium, which proves that the skill premium is mainly caused by skill-biased technological change in China.