CAJ | 학술논문

医药学是我国古代科技的重要门类之一，在刘歆的《七略》中，医药学被称之为“方技略”，医生被称之为“方者”。司马迁在《史记》中撰《扁鹊仓公列传》，开创了正史为方技立传的先河，后世因袭，遂成故事。从长沙马王堆出土的《五十二病方》来看，从春秋战国至秦汉社会，医方包括部分禁方有了很大的普及。东汉初年编成的《神农本草经》集中反映了先秦秦汉时期药物学的成就。方技中不仅方者，甚至鼓吹神仙术的方士，都对药物学作出了一定的贡献。
의약학시아국고대과기적중요문류지일，재류흠적《칠략》중，의약학피칭지위“방기략”，의생피칭지위“방자”。사마천재《사기》중찬《편작창공열전》，개창료정사위방기립전적선하，후세인습，수성고사。종장사마왕퇴출토적《오십이병방》래간，종춘추전국지진한사회，의방포괄부분금방유료흔대적보급。동한초년편성적《신농본초경》집중반영료선진진한시기약물학적성취。방기중불부방자，심지고취신선술적방사，도대약물학작출료일정적공헌。
Medicine is one of the important categories of ancient science and technology in China. In the Seven Brief writen by Liu Xin, medicine was called Fangji Brief, the doctor was referred to as Fangzhe. Sima Qian had written Records of the Grand Historian. Collected Biographies of Bian Que and Cang Gong, which had been pioneered the official history to write biography of Fangji. Through 52 Kinds of Disorders unearthed in Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, medical prescriptions including some taboo prescriptions extensively had been popularizing from the Spring and Autumn periods and Warring States periods to the Qin and Han dynasties. The Shen Nong＇s Herbal Classic compiled in the early Eastern Han dynasty concentrated to reflect achievements of the Qin and Han＇s medicine. Both the Fangzhe and alche- mists also made a certain contribution for medicine.