CAJ | 학술논문

万能量词“个”的表意功能非常复杂，某些语境中的“个”已由以“客观计量”为主要功能的成分演化为以“主观赋量”为主要功能的成分。值得注意的是，“个”的“主观赋量”功能或者说“个”所表述的主观情态义在不同的结构中有所不同，甚至其“量”的特征截然相反。“吃个饭、聊个天”之类的“V个NP”结构明显含有把事情“往小里说”的意味，即具有“主观小量”特征；而“喝个痛快”之类的“V个VP”结构则含有把程度“往高里说”，也即把事情“往大里说”的意味，具有“主观大量”特征。“V个NP”的“主观小量”特征与“V个VP”的“主观大量”特征的形成，其实都与“个”的个体化功能有关。“V个NP”中的“个”的主要功用是将事物个体化，“V个VP”中的“个”的主要功用是将性状个体化。将事物个体化与将性状个体化所需认知程序的不同，是“V个NP”和“V个VP”形成“反向”的主观情态义的关键。同一语言形式的语义内涵相同或相关，却会因语境的不同而生发不同的表意功能，是很常见的语言现象。
만능량사“개”적표의공능비상복잡，모사어경중적“개”이유이“객관계량”위주요공능적성분연화위이“주관부량”위주요공능적성분。치득주의적시，“개”적“주관부량”공능혹자설“개”소표술적주관정태의재불동적결구중유소불동，심지기“량”적특정절연상반。“흘개반、료개천”지류적“V개NP”결구명현함유파사정“왕소리설”적의미，즉구유“주관소량”특정；이“갈개통쾌”지류적“V개VP”결구칙함유파정도“왕고리설”，야즉파사정“왕대리설”적의미，구유“주관대량”특정。“V개NP”적“주관소량”특정여“V개VP”적“주관대량”특정적형성，기실도여“개”적개체화공능유관。“V개NP”중적“개”적주요공용시장사물개체화，“V개VP”중적“개”적주요공용시장성상개체화。장사물개체화여장성상개체화소수인지정서적불동，시“V개NP”화“V개VP”형성“반향”적주관정태의적관건。동일어언형식적어의내함상동혹상관，각회인어경적불동이생발불동적표의공능，시흔상견적어언현상。
The semantic function of the so-called all-powerful classifier ge（个） is complex, in that it plays a subjective quantitating role rather than an objective calculating role in some con- texts. Moreover, the subjective quantitating function varies with the syntactic construction. In the ＇V ge NP＇ construction, such as chi ge fan, liao ge tian, ge plays the subjective diminutive role, and in the ＇ V ge VP＇ construction, such as he ge tongkuai, it fulfills the subjective incre- menting role. Both the diminishing role and the incrementing role are subject to the individuali- zing function of the classifier. In ＇ V ge NP＇, ge is used to individualize the thing, while in ＇ V ge VP＇ , it is to individualize the property. It is the different cognitive procedures between these two roles that bring about such semantic differences.