CAJ | 학술논문

资源丰裕型国家／区域的发展实践表明：面对矿业开发中滚滚而来的“横财”，各利益集团为获取更大份额资源的租金收益展开破坏性竞争，引起贸易条件恶化、寻租腐败、经济增长缓慢甚至停滞。矿业开发的特殊性决定了矿业收益分配和使用的特殊性。受外部市场和内部制度等多种因素的影响，矿业收益的分配和使用会出现三次偏离：即矿产品高价格波动带来的矿业收益波动问题，产权制度缺失导致的矿业收益耗散问题，奢侈性消费和无效率投资带来的矿业收益转化问题。如何科学管理矿业收益，有效避免“资源诅咒”？有必要建立基于可持续发展理念的矿业收益管理制度框架：通过稳定基金制度、政府预算调控以及关税调节。防范矿业收益波动；通过矿业收益透明化管理、制度建设、稳固政权．监管矿业收益的耗散；通过产业多元化、公共投资、金融资产投资和真实财富账户，调控矿业收益转化．避免矿业收益误用。有鉴于此，中国资源丰裕型区域要完善矿业收益的管理制度、建立矿业稳定基金、矿业收益社会化共享机制、真实财富积累机制等，以期规避“资源诅咒”．实现区域经济的可持续发展。
자원봉유형국가／구역적발전실천표명：면대광업개발중곤곤이래적“횡재”，각이익집단위획취경대빈액자원적조금수익전개파배성경쟁，인기무역조건악화、심조부패、경제증장완만심지정체。광업개발적특수성결정료광업수익분배화사용적특수성。수외부시장화내부제도등다충인소적영향，광업수익적분배화사용회출현삼차편리：즉광산품고개격파동대래적광업수익파동문제，산권제도결실도치적광업수익모산문제，사치성소비화무효솔투자대래적광업수익전화문제。여하과학관리광업수익，유효피면“자원저주”？유필요건립기우가지속발전이념적광업수익관리제도광가：통과은정기금제도、정부예산조공이급관세조절。방범광업수익파동；통과광업수익투명화관리、제도건설、은고정권．감관광업수익적모산；통과산업다원화、공공투자、금융자산투자화진실재부장호，조공광업수익전화．피면광업수익오용。유감우차，중국자원봉유형구역요완선광업수익적관리제도、건립광업은정기금、광업수익사회화공향궤제、진실재부적루궤제등，이기규피“자원저주”．실현구역경제적가지속발전。
The countries/regions with abundant natural resources show that in the face of ＂windfall＂ from mining, various interest groups compete destructively with each other to gain a larger share of resource rental revenue, which brings about trade condition worsening, rent-seeking and corruption, slow growth or stagnation. The particularities of mine exploitation lead to the particularities of mining revenue distribution and using. With the restriction of outer market and internal institution, mining revenue distribution and using would take on three kinds of inconformity： the volatility of mining revenue due to mining commodity price volatility, mining revenue dissipation because of the lack of property rights system, mining revenue misusing caused by luxury consumption and inefficient investment. How to manage mining revenue and avoid the ＂resource curse＂？ It is necessary to build the institutional framework of mining revenue management based on sustainability： mining revenue volatility can be avoided through the stability fund system, the government budget control and tariff adjustment; Dissipation for mining revenue can be regulated through mining revenue transparency management, institutional construction and stable regime; Mining revenue conversion can be regulated to avoid misusing through the industry diversification, public investment, investment in financial assets and genuine wealth accounts. Regions with abundant natural resources of China should perfect mining revenue management system, set up mining stable fund, mining revenue sharing with each other and genuine wealth accumulation, which would escape the ＂resource curse＂ and realize regional economic sustainability.