CAJ | 학술논문

柏拉图的政治管理思想是其建构理想政治城邦的基石,其政治理想的出发点是强调个体善,即激情与欲望服从理性的指导,进而走向个体灵魂的和谐;其政治理想的目标是实现城邦正义,即生产者与护卫者服从统治者的领导,城邦各阶层成员各尽其责,进而走向社会秩序的和谐。然而,对每一独立个体而言,其追求自身灵魂完善的可能性与服从城邦等级制度的僵化性形成内在悖论。柏拉图按照个体灵魂素质差异进行社会职责分工,进而用＂正义＂连通个体善与公共善的政治管理思想的合理性有待商榷。因为,一种合理的政治管理模式的确立,既要考虑个体需求的满足以促进个体善的实现,又要考虑社会需求的满足以促进公共善的实现。
백랍도적정치관리사상시기건구이상정치성방적기석,기정치이상적출발점시강조개체선,즉격정여욕망복종이성적지도,진이주향개체령혼적화해;기정치이상적목표시실현성방정의,즉생산자여호위자복종통치자적령도,성방각계층성원각진기책,진이주향사회질서적화해。연이,대매일독립개체이언,기추구자신령혼완선적가능성여복종성방등급제도적강화성형성내재패론。백랍도안조개체령혼소질차이진행사회직책분공,진이용＂정의＂련통개체선여공공선적정치관리사상적합이성유대상각。인위,일충합리적정치관리모식적학립,기요고필개체수구적만족이촉진개체선적실현,우요고필사회수구적만족이촉진공공선적실현。
Plato＇s idea about political management is his foundation of constructing ideal political city-states, to emphasize individual good is the starting point of his political ideal so that passion and desire shall obey the guidance of reason, and then achieve the harmony of individual soul. His goal of political ideal is to achieve the city-state justice so that producers and guardians should obey the rule of the rulers, all people from different social classes should fulfill their own duties for the sake of the harmonious social order. However, there is an inherent paradox between the possibility of pursuing their perfect soul and the rigidity of obeying city-state hierarchy for each independent individual. Plato carried out division of social responsibilities in accordance with the differences in the quality of the individual soul, and then used ＂justice＂ to connect individual good and the common good. The rationality of this political management thinking is open to question. Because, to establish a reasonable mode of political management should not only consider the satisfaction of individual desires to promote the realization of the individual good, but also consider the satisfaction of the needs of society to promote the realization of the common good.