中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2013年
8期
116~122
,共null页
工业绿色发展 综合指数 绩效 评估
工業綠色髮展 綜閤指數 績效 評估
공업록색발전 종합지수 적효 평고
industry green development; comprehensive index; performance; evaluation
有关绿色发展评价和指标研究已成为绿色经济研究中的前沿领域和重点。该文旨在将绿色发展的评估研究延伸至工业领域。进而为监测、评估和诊断中国工业绿色发展提供支撑。该文首次从绿色生产、绿色产品、绿色产业三个方面界定了工业绿色发展内涵,认为工业绿色发展可以理解为在促进工业经济持续较快增长和提供更多、更好工业产品和服务以满足人们日益增长需求的同时,通过绿化工艺系统和生产过程、生产绿色低碳产品、发展绿色新兴产业.最终协调工业发展与资源环境容量有限之间的矛盾。鉴此。本文认为可以从绿色生产、绿色产品、绿色产业三个方面衡量工业绿色发展的进展,这为开展工业绿色发展评估提供理论基础。在实践应用中,由于数据可得性等原因.本文围绕绿色生产构建了基于综合指数法的“工业绿色发展绩效指数”。评估结果显示,2005—2010年我国工业绿色发展绩效水平年均改善幅度为9.5%,反映工业生产正实现与资源环境消耗的脱钩。但改善速度逐年下降,表明未来亟需挖掘新的节能减排潜力;分地区看,天津、北京、广东等东部发达省市是中国工业绿色发展绩效水平较好的地区,但各个地区的优势均有所不同,其中天津在工业水资源利用居于领先,北京在工业土地资源方面较为落后,广东在工业能源利用的表现突出;宁夏的工业绿色发展绩效水平远远落后于其他地区,原因是工业能源利用和污染物排放控制方面较为落后;同时,“十一五”期间各地区工业绿色发展绩效水平均有所改善,其中广西以年均197%的水平居于领先。总体来看,各地区的工业绿色发展水平和改善幅度有较大差异,意味着各地区实现工业绿色发展的基础条件不同。有必要对不同地区采取分类管理方式,以有效促进各地区工业绿色发展。
有關綠色髮展評價和指標研究已成為綠色經濟研究中的前沿領域和重點。該文旨在將綠色髮展的評估研究延伸至工業領域。進而為鑑測、評估和診斷中國工業綠色髮展提供支撐。該文首次從綠色生產、綠色產品、綠色產業三箇方麵界定瞭工業綠色髮展內涵,認為工業綠色髮展可以理解為在促進工業經濟持續較快增長和提供更多、更好工業產品和服務以滿足人們日益增長需求的同時,通過綠化工藝繫統和生產過程、生產綠色低碳產品、髮展綠色新興產業.最終協調工業髮展與資源環境容量有限之間的矛盾。鑒此。本文認為可以從綠色生產、綠色產品、綠色產業三箇方麵衡量工業綠色髮展的進展,這為開展工業綠色髮展評估提供理論基礎。在實踐應用中,由于數據可得性等原因.本文圍繞綠色生產構建瞭基于綜閤指數法的“工業綠色髮展績效指數”。評估結果顯示,2005—2010年我國工業綠色髮展績效水平年均改善幅度為9.5%,反映工業生產正實現與資源環境消耗的脫鉤。但改善速度逐年下降,錶明未來亟需挖掘新的節能減排潛力;分地區看,天津、北京、廣東等東部髮達省市是中國工業綠色髮展績效水平較好的地區,但各箇地區的優勢均有所不同,其中天津在工業水資源利用居于領先,北京在工業土地資源方麵較為落後,廣東在工業能源利用的錶現突齣;寧夏的工業綠色髮展績效水平遠遠落後于其他地區,原因是工業能源利用和汙染物排放控製方麵較為落後;同時,“十一五”期間各地區工業綠色髮展績效水平均有所改善,其中廣西以年均197%的水平居于領先。總體來看,各地區的工業綠色髮展水平和改善幅度有較大差異,意味著各地區實現工業綠色髮展的基礎條件不同。有必要對不同地區採取分類管理方式,以有效促進各地區工業綠色髮展。
유관록색발전평개화지표연구이성위록색경제연구중적전연영역화중점。해문지재장록색발전적평고연구연신지공업영역。진이위감측、평고화진단중국공업록색발전제공지탱。해문수차종록색생산、록색산품、록색산업삼개방면계정료공업록색발전내함,인위공업록색발전가이리해위재촉진공업경제지속교쾌증장화제공경다、경호공업산품화복무이만족인문일익증장수구적동시,통과녹화공예계통화생산과정、생산록색저탄산품、발전록색신흥산업.최종협조공업발전여자원배경용량유한지간적모순。감차。본문인위가이종록색생산、록색산품、록색산업삼개방면형량공업록색발전적진전,저위개전공업록색발전평고제공이론기출。재실천응용중,유우수거가득성등원인.본문위요록색생산구건료기우종합지수법적“공업록색발전적효지수”。평고결과현시,2005—2010년아국공업록색발전적효수평년균개선폭도위9.5%,반영공업생산정실현여자원배경소모적탈구。단개선속도축년하강,표명미래극수알굴신적절능감배잠력;분지구간,천진、북경、엄동등동부발체성시시중국공업록색발전적효수평교호적지구,단각개지구적우세균유소불동,기중천진재공업수자원이용거우령선,북경재공업토지자원방면교위락후,엄동재공업능원이용적표현돌출;저하적공업록색발전적효수평원원락후우기타지구,원인시공업능원이용화오염물배방공제방면교위락후;동시,“십일오”기간각지구공업록색발전적효수평균유소개선,기중엄서이년균197%적수평거우령선。총체래간,각지구적공업록색발전수평화개선폭도유교대차이,의미착각지구실현공업록색발전적기출조건불동。유필요대불동지구채취분류관리방식,이유효촉진각지구공업록색발전。
The study on the evaluation on green development has been a key research topic in green economy study. This paper tries to extend the green development evaluation study into industry level, which provides support for monitoring the progress of industry green development in China. First of all, this paper makes a definition for industry green development as followings: while promoting industrial growth and providing more products and services, the industry should try to green manufacturing process, provide green goods and services and create green industries to decouple resource use and pollution from industrial development. And thus, we believe that the progress in industry green development could be measured from the following three aspects: green production, green product and green industry. This is a theoretical basis for the evaluation of industry green development. Then, an Industry Green Development Performance Index (IGDPI) for the monitoring of green production is developed and applied to China. The result shows that China' s IGDPI is improved dramatically from 2005 to 2010 with an average speed of 9.5% annually, implying that industry production and resource consumption and pollution emission are decoupling. However, as the change rate of IGDPI is slowing down year by year, China needs to dig new energy saving and pollution reduction potential in future. While in crosswise comparison, we find that Tianjin, Beijing, Guangdong, et al. , are the ones that perform best, even though their advantages differ from each other. For example, Tianjin is leading in water use, Beijing is lagging in land use and Guangdong performs best in energy use. While for the one who does not perform good enough, Ningxia might be a bad example as its energy use and emission control are lagging greatly behind others. Meanwhile, the progress of IGDPI in 2005 -2010 does happen in every area, and Guangxi is the one that perform best. To sum up, the IGDPI and change rate of IGDPI differ greatly among various provinces, and therefore we propose that the government should make different green development transition strategies for various provinces, as the basic conditions for promoting industry green development in varied areas are also different.